1. Types of Bone Fractures Camille C. Ocon BSN-III

2. What is a bone fracture?  a medical condition wherein the continuity of the bone is broken.  occurs when the stress placed on a bone is greater than the bone can absorb  Commonly caused by: -car accidents, falls or sports injuries, overuse -low bone density and osteoporosis

3. Symptoms Out-of-place or misshapen limb or joint Swelling, bruising or bleeding Intense pain Numbness and tingling Limited mobility or inability to move a limb

4. Types 1. Complete 2. Incomplete 3. Closed 4. Open 5. Pathologic 6. Greenstick 7. Transverse 8. Oblique 9. Spiral 10. Comminuted 11. Depressed 12. Compression 13. Avulsion 14. Impacted 15. Fracture-dislocation

5. Complete fracture The entire cross section of the bone is affected. Bone fragments separate completely.

6. Incomplete fracture Only a portion of the cross section of the bone is affected. Does not extend through the full transverse width of a bone.

7. Closed fracture (simple) The skin and mucous membranes are not broken.

8. Open Fracture (compound) The skin is broken, leading directly to fracture. –Grade I minimal soft tissue injury. –Grade II laceration greater than 1 cm without extensive soft tissue flaps. –Grade III extensive soft tissue injury, including skin, muscle, neurovascular structure, with crushing.

10. Pathologic Fracture When an underlying disease or condition has already weakened the bone, resulting in a fracture(osteoporosis, bone cyst, bone tumor, bony metastasis).

11. Greenstick fracture The bone partly fractures on one side, but does not break completely because the rest of the bone is bent. More common among children, whose bones are softer and more elastic.

12. Transverse Straight break right across a bone.

13. Oblique Fracture an angle across the bone. diagonal to a bone's long axis

14. Spiral Fracture twists around the shaft of the bone.

15. Comminuted Fracture bone splintered into more than three fragments or into several pieces.

16. Depressed Fracture fragments are driven inward

17. Compression Fracture bone collapses in on itself (seen in vertebral fractures). generally occurs in the spongy bone in the spine.

18. Avulsion Fracture fragment of bone pulled off by ligament or tendon attachment.

19. Impacted Fracture fragment of bone wedged into other bone fragment.

20. Fracture-dislocation fracture complicated by the bone being out of the joint a break in the bony structures of any joint, with associated dislocation of the same joint

21. To sum things up.