1. Global Research & Education Networking - Lambda Networking, then Tera bps - 2003. 12. 17-18 Kilnam Chon KAIST chon@cosmos.kaist.ac.kr CRL Symposium

2. 1.1 Intercontinental Internet Bandwidth North America Latin America Asia Europe Africa 162Gbps 0.4Gbps 14Gbps 0.8Gbps 1.2Gbps 42Gbps Telegeography 2001 1. Intercontinental Internet Bandwidth vs Intercontinental Trade

3. 1.2 Intercontinental Trade Europe Asia North America 428 Billion 413 Billion 564 Billion WTO International Trade Statistics 2000

4. 2. Intercontinental Internet Bandwidth for Asian Countries Japan China India Hong Kong Korea Singapore Malaysia Philippines Taiwan Europe North America 0.95Gpps 0.39Gpps 18.03Gbps 0.1Gbps 1.64Gbps 3.73Gbps ASIA 0.37Gbps 0.54Gbps 1.03Gbps 3.65Gbps 0.53Gbps 0.06Gbps 0.07Gbps 0.40Gbps 1.93Gbps 0.02Gbps 0.20Gbps 0.15Gbps 0.10Gbps 2.56Gbps 1.17Gbps 0.65Gbps Telegeography 2001

5. 3. Global Research & Education Network – Interconnection (~Gbps) North America Exchanges CA*net4 10G NREN ESNET Abilene 1G Nordunet (Scandinavia ) GEANT CERN SuperJANET (UK) Surfnet (Netherlands) DFN( Germany ) RENATER (France ) APAN TANET (Taiwan) SuperSINET (Japan) 5G(plan) 0.5G 0.6G 1.2G 2.5G 7.5G 1.2G 2*10G 2.7G 2003.4.30

6. 4. North America 4.1 Canada [CA*Net 4 ] 4.2 STARLIGHT 4.3 Abilene DREN ESNET NREN 4.4 National Lambda Rail 4.5 CyberInfrastructure Project

7. 4.1 Canada [ CA*Net 4 ]

8. 4.2 STARLIGHT ASIA AmericaEurope STARLIGHT STARTAP APAN CA*net4 CERN Nordunet Surfnet Abilene ESNET MREN NREN I-WIRE 2.5Gbps 0.2Gbps 2.5Gbps(2002.7) 1Gbps 1.2 Gbps 10Gbps Remark : Transit Light is coming 2002.7.19

9. 4.3 Abilene

10. 4.4 National Lambda Rail US initiative for R&E Network to own lambda. Lambda Network (DWDM) Switched Ethernet Network Routed IP Network Applications

11. 4.5 CyberInfrastructure (Plan) Revolutionizing Science and Engineering through Cyberinfrastructure : 1. The Vision 2. Background and Charge 3. Challenges and Opportunities for the Scientific Research Community 4. The New Cyberinfrastructure: What Changed in Computing 5. The Landscape of Related Activities 6. Partnerships for Advanced Computational Infrastructure: Past and Future Roles 7. Achieving the Vision 8. Scope and Budget Estimates

12. 5. Europe GEANT (and Nordunet)

13. 6. Asia 6.1 APAN Network Topology 6.2 TEIN(Trans Eurasia Information Network) 6.3 Asia Backbone with Clusters 6.4 Lambda Networking in North Asia

14. 6.1 APAN Network Topology 2003.08.01 sec@apan.net Access Point Exchange Point Current Status 2003-2004 (plan) USA Europe l Australia l Indonesia Vietnam l l l Sri Lanka l l l l l l Korea Thailand Malaysia Singapore l Taiwan l Russia Philippines China Hong Kong Japan

15. 6.2 TEIN (Trans-Eurasia Information Network) GEANT Nordunet. France Europe APAN APII AI3. Korea Asia 34 Mbps

16. 6.3 Asia Backbone with Clusters

17. 6.4 Lambda Networking in North Asia CA*net GEANT/DANTE Surfnet US Exchange Abilene ESNET NREN CERN Lambda Lambda (Plan) Shanghai Seoul-XP Busan KyushuTokyo-XP RENATER Nordunet SuperJANET DFN Beijing Hong Kong

18. 7. Notable Applications 7.1 Large Hadron Collider(LHC)/CERN 7.2 Obervatory 7.3 VLBI 7.4 HDTV 7.5 GRID

19. 7. Notable Applications 7.1 Large Hadron Collider (LHC)/CERN Tier 1 Online System Offline Farm, CERN Computer Ctr ~25 TIPS FNAL Center IN2P3 Center INFN Center RAL Center Institute Institute ~0.25TIPS Workstations ~100 MBytes/sec ~0.6-2.5 Gbps 100 - 1000 Mbits/sec ~PByte/sec ~2.5 Gbits/sec Tier2 Center ~0.6-2.5 Gbps Tier 0 +1 Tier 3 Tier 4 Tier2 Center Tier 2 Experiment Source: Harvey Newman

20. The Changing Style of Observational Astronomy The Old Way:Now:Future: Pointed, heterogeneous observations (~ MB - GB ) Large, homogeneous sky surveys ( multi-TB, ~ 10 6 - 10 9 sources) Multiple, federated sky surveys and archives (~ PB ) Small samples of objects (~ 10 1 - 10 3 ) Archives of pointed observations (~ TB ) Virtual Observatory 7.2 Obervatory

21. 7.3 VLBI International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS)

22. 7.4 HDTV Compressed (MPEG 2) : ~ 20 Mbps Compressed (Sony) : ~ 200 Mbps Uncompressed : 1,200 Mbps Remark : Digital Video (2~200 Mbps) Super HDTV

23. 7.5 GRID -Computational Grid Super Computer PC-based -Data Grid -Application – Specific Grid

24. 8. Remarks Data rates for some selected projects Large Hadron Collider (CERN) :8.4 TB/day 100 MB/sec Atacama Large Millimeter Array (Chile) :520 GB/day 6 MB/sec LIGO1 (Hanford, WA & Livingston, LA) :500 GB/day-2.6 TB/day 30 MB/sec (raw); 6 MB/sec (processed) IceCube Neutrino Detector (South Pole) :200-500 GB/day 2.3-6 MB/sec

25. Bibliography APAN http://apan.net CA*Net4 http://www.canarie.ca CyberInfrastructure h ttp://www.cise.nsf.gov/b_ribbon National Lambda Rail http://www.nationallambdarail.org STARLIGHT/STARTAP http://www.startap.net TEIN http://www.transeurasia.org Telegeography.com http://www.telegeograghy.com