3. Definitions

4. Wetlands

5. Soils

6. Plants

7. Restoration

8. Miscellaneous

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10. Wetlands that have trees.

11. Swamp

12. Has been called a “wet grassland”

13. Marsh

14. They study of water at or near the surface of land

15. Hydrology

16. A cross section of soil that extends from the surface to the bedrock.

17. Soil Profile

18. Types of plants that require lots of water and the anaerobic conditions that the hydric soil creates?

19. Wetland Plants

20. What are the 3 characteristics that make up a wetland?

21. Plants, Soil, and Hydrology

22. What are the 2 components of hydrology?

23. Hydroperiod & Physical

24. What are the 3 general types of wetlands?

25. Basin, Riverine, & Fringe

26. What type of wetland has only vertical water flow?

27. Basin

28. Which type of wetland has hydroperiods that are not seasonal like basin wetlands?

29. Fringe

30. What is a mixture of minerals, air, water, bedrock, living and decaying organisms called?

31. Soil

32. Where does soil come from?

33. The weathering or breaking down of bedrock.

34. What are the 3 types of soils?

35. Sandy, Silt, & Clay

36. What is loam soil?

37. It is a mixture of sand, clay, & silt and it is the best type of soil

38. What are the 4 zones of a soil profile and what is in each?

39. Horizon O- Topsoil Horizon A- Subsoil Horizon B- Partially weathered bedrock Horizon C- Bedrock

40. Plants that are from the area that provide food and shelter for organisms.

41. Native

42. Plants that are not naturally from the area.

43. Exotic or Invasive

44. Plants that are found in wetlands 99% of the time?

45. Obligate Wetland Plants

46. Plants that are found in uplands 67-99% of the time?

47. Facultative Upland Plants

48. Plants that are found in both wetlands and uplands 34-66% of the time?

49. Facultative Plants

50. What are 3 of the 5 reasons of why wetlands are important?

51. Filter water, protect from floods, provide food, & habitat, prevent erosion

52. What are 2 of the 3 impacts if wetlands are destroyed?

53. Increased floods, decrease in wetland plants & animals, water quality issues

54. Who decides how much wetland must be rebuilt based on the quality of the wetland destroyed?

55. The U.S. Army Core of Engineers

56. What 3 things would you do if you were to restore a wetland?

57. 1.Plant native wetland vegetation 2.Make sure the soil can still hold water (hydric) 3.Dig a basin in a flood plain 4.Build a dam

59. List 3 points made about wetlands by the Clean Water Act (i.e. what can builders do/not do)?

60. 1.Avoid changing the wetlands if possible. 2.When impossible to avoid, do as little damage as possible. 3.If a wetland is destroyed they must rebuild a wetland in another place or pay to restore a wetland.

61. A cross section of the soil that extends from the surface to the bedrock?

62. Soil Profile

63. The duration, frequency, depth, and flood season of a wetland?

64. Hydroperiod

65. The type of wetland that includes lakes and ponds?

66. Basin

67. Type of wetland found in costal areas?

68. Fringe

69. Organisms that are not native, dominate an ecosystem and prevent native plants from growing?

70. Invasive