1. Use the back of the Causes Graphic Organizer from Monday to make the 2 charts for today Divide paper in half with a line (horizontal) to create 2 clear sections Today’s agenda: Examine & analyze primary sources to gather data to determine who was at fault in the Boston Massacre

2. Goal: Who dunnit? Being a professional detective (an historian) Your team must gather evidence from both the colonists & GB side of the Boston Massacre. After analyzing the evidence, your must decide which side is the most to blame for this horrible tragedy! Make this chart (you may add more than 5) 1.Read the 2 accounts of the Boston Massacre (primary sources) 2. Jot down key pts of evidence (short hand notes) (on back of your causes chart) Document A Clues (evidence/facts)Doc B CluesFacts in both? (common) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

3. Document A: Captain Thomas Preston's Account of the Boston Massacre (13 march 1770) On a freezing March day in 1770, one of the king's soldiers was looking for work to earn some extra money. Someone started making fun of him and told him to get a job cleaning toilets [...] One thing led to another and there was a fight. That started things. Soon a noisy, jeering group of mischief-makers gathered in front of the Boston Customs House. They began pushing and shoving and throwing stones and pieces of ice at the British sentry. He got knocked down and he called for help. Captain Thomas Preston came to the rescue with eight British soldiers. There is some confusion about what happened next. The mob is said to have taunted the redcoats yelling, "Fire! Fire!" Captain Preston is said to have yelled, "Hold your fire!" Then the British soldier was hit with a big stick. He said he heard the word, "fire," so fired his gun into the crowd. The street gang moved forward; the redcoats panicked and fired at unarmed people. Five Americans died; seven were wounded. None of them was a hero. The victims were troublemakers who got worse than they deserved. The soldiers were professionals...who shouldn't have panicked. The whole thing shouldn't have happened.

4. Document B: Captain Thomas Preston's Account of the Boston Massacre (13 march 1770) On Monday night about 8 o'clock two soldiers were attacked and beat. But the party of the townspeople in order to carry matters to the utmost length, rang the alarm bells, which I supposed was for fire as usual. About guards came to & informed me the town inhabitants were assembling to attack the troops, and that the bells were ringing as the signal for that purpose, not for fire! On my way there, I saw the people in great commotion, and heard them use the most cruel and horrid threats against the troops. In a few minutes after I reached the guard, about 100 people passed it and went towards the custom house where the king's money is lodged. They immediately surrounded the sentry posted there, with clubs and other weapons threatened to execute him. I was soon informed by a townsman their intention was to carry off the soldier from his post and probably murder him. He soon came back and assured me he heard the mob declare they would murder him

5. CONTINUED… I immediately sent a non-commissioned officer and 12 men to protect both the sentry and the king's money, and very soon followed myself to prevent, if possible, all disorder, by the insults of the rioters, should be thrown off their guard and commit some rash act. They soon rushed through the people, and by charging their bayonets in half-circles, kept them at a little distance. Nay, so far was I from intending the death of any person that I suffered the troops to go to the spot where the unhappy affair took place without any loading in their pieces; nor did I ever give orders for loading them. My intention was not to act offensively! The mob still increased, were more outrageous, striking their clubs against others, calling out, “Come on you rascals, You bloody backs, You lobster scoundrels, Fire if you dare, fire & be damned!” At this time I was between the soldiers and the mob, all in my power to persuade them to retire peaceably. They advanced & struck some of them and seemed to be very close with the soldiers. On which some well behaved persons asked me if the guns were charged. I replied,”Yes”. They then asked me if I intended to order the men to fire. I answered no, by no means! While I was thus speaking, one of the soldiers having received a severe blow with a stick, stepped a little on one side and instantly fired, on which turning to and asking him why he fired without orders, I was struck with a club on my arm, which for some time deprived me of the use of it.

6. Continued… On this a general attack was made on the men by a great number of heavy clubs and snowballs being thrown at them, by which all our lives were in imminent danger, some persons at the same time from behind calling out, “damn your bloods-why don't you fire?” Instantly three or four of the soldiers fired, one after another, and directly after three more in the same confusion and hurry. The mob then ran away, except three unhappy men who instantly expired, in which number was Mr. Gray at whose rope-walk the prior quarrels took place; one more is since dead, three others are dangerously, and four slightly wounded. The whole of this melancholy affair was transacted in almost 20 minutes. On my asking the soldiers why they fired without orders, they said they heard the word fire and supposed it came from me. This might be the case as many of the mob called out fire, fire, but I assured the men that I gave no such order; that my words were, don't fire, stop your firing.

7. Create this Chart : Action Who is doing it in visual source A? Who is doing it in visual source B? Who is most believable? C or GB 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

8. “The Bloody Massacre Perpetrated on King Street” by Paul Revere 3. Analyze (discuss) the details of the painting. What evidence do you see to help or hurt either side? Jot down verbs (actions) & who is doing them (4 minimum) Action Who 1. 2. 3. 4. Are their any symbols in the painting that may be trying to persuade you to take a stand one side more than the other? Record 3

9. The Boston Massacre, engraving based on a painting by A lonzo Chappel, National Archives, ARC 513326 3. Analyze (discuss) the details of the painting. What evidence do you see to help or hurt either side? Is there evidence in this image that conflicts with source A? Add to your chart