1. Minerals, Ores and Fossil Fuels EARTH’S RESOURCES HAVE PROPERTIES THAT MAKE THEM IMPORTANT AND USEFUL.

2. Properties  Properties that determine the usefulness of an ore or mineral may be identified using a chart, diagram, or dichotomous key.  There are two types of properties: 1. Physical Properties 2. Chemical Properties

3. Physical Properties  Hardness (Moh’s hardness scale)  Luster (shine)  Color  Texture (smooth, rough, bumpy, sharp)  Cleavage (the way a mineral splits or breaks)  Density (does it sink or float?)

4. Copy into notebook – use to answer questions

5. Questions  Can a Quartz scratch a Diamond?  Which is harder – Fluorite or Apatite?  Which mineral can scratch Calcite?  Which mineral could most easily be made into a powder?  Which mineral would make the best tool for digging? Worst?  Which mineral can scratch a Diamond?

6. Chemical Properties  Ability to burn (flammable?)  Reactivity to acids (what happens when HCL is dropped on it?)

7. Three common Earth resources that have importance based on their properties:  Minerals  Ores  Fossil Fuels

8. Minerals Minerals are:  natural  inorganic  solid materials  found on Earth  building blocks of rock Each has a specific chemical makeup and set of properties that determine their use and value

9. Ores  Minerals that are mined  Contain useful metals and nonmetals  Examples:  Kimberlite –diamond  Iron Ore---Iron

10. Fossil Fuels  Natural Fuels  Come from the remains of living things  Give off energy when they are burned  Example:  Coal  Oil  Natural gas