1. Flight Test Introduction 2016 Introduction to Flight Test Engineering Dan Hrehov Flight Test Engineer

2. Flight Test Introduction 2016 Agenda Engineers as Designers Engineers as Problem Solvers Reasons for Flight Testing Purpose of Flight Test Data Flight Test Movie Activities of a Flight Test Engineer Review of Flight Test Data Wrap-up

3. Flight Test Introduction 2016 Engineers as Designers Use the laws of nature and apply them to practical applications Society looks to engineers to solve technical problems affecting their lives; energy, pollution, etc. Engineers design and build what other people dream

4. Flight Test Introduction 2016 Engineers Use Math and Science to Solve Problems Empirically –Solutions derived using formulas and calculations Modeling or Simulations –Computers that rapidly calculate many possible outcomes Experimentally –Solutions obtained from performing experiments Which one to use?

5. Flight Test Introduction 2012 Will this fly?

6. Will This Airplane Fly? Flight Test Introduction 2016

7. This One? Flight Test Introduction 2016

8. What About This One? Flight Test Introduction 2016

9. What method would you use? Empirical? Modeling? Experimental?

10. Flight Test Introduction 2016 Perform the Experiment For critical airplane functions, Boeing does all three. In Flight Test, we ‘Perform the experiment’ In many ways, there is no better way than flight testing to obtain that data

11. Flight Test Introduction 2016 Reasons for Flight Testing Verify that the new design (or change to the airplane) works as expected Demonstrate to the FAA the airplane is safe for airline use. Collect flight test data to develop the operating manuals and handbooks

12. Flight Test Film Flight tests in the movie are just as valid today as when the film was made You will see many different types of tests Record the different types of tests Can you determine what are the specific reasons for those tests? Flight Test Introduction 2016

13. Show film Flight Test Introduction 2013

14. Flight Test Film Recap What were the types of testing did you see? Why were those tests performed? Flight Test Introduction 2016

15. Activities of a Flight Test Engineer Plan and prepare for the tests Specify the Instrumentation Schedule the testing Configure the airplane Prepare the test plan Fly/conduct tests Analyze data (during and after flight) Write reports

16. Flight Test Data Analysis Look at the time history strip chart example Identify the parameters and scales Identify the time scale Start on the left and work toward the right Can you identify the maneuver? –What did the pilot/airplane do? Flight Test Introduction 2016

17. FT Data Titles/Units Vtrue (mphgs) - True Airspeed in Miles/hour alt (Ftagl) - Altitude in feet above ground level N11 (percent) - #1 Engine speed in %, 0 is off, and 100% if full power Pitch (deg) - Pitch of the airplane in degrees, the angle the nose makes with the horizon real (time) - Seconds Flight Test Introduction 2014

18. Guess the FT Maneuver Flight Test Introduction 2016

19. Wrap-up Engineers design solutions to help society Engineers solve problems Summary of Flight Test Engineering Review of Flight Test data

20. Flight Test Introduction 2016 Duties of a Test Pilot Perform the airplane maneuvers to collect the required test data Verify the airplane can be flown without exceptional effort or skill ‘Teaches’ the airplane, autopilot, flight control systems to ‘fly’ Trains other pilots

21. Refused Takeoff In the film the airplane had its brakes catch fire on the ground. What happened? Flight Test Introduction 2016

22. Refused Takeoff In the film the airplane had the brakes catch fire on the ground. What’s going on? The pilot overshot the cut speed by 5 knots (6 miles/hour). Would that make a difference? Flight Test Introduction 2016

23. Refused Takeoff In the film and airplane had the brakes catch fire on the ground. What happened? The pilot overshot the cut speed by 5 knots (6 miles/hour). Would that make a difference? The kinetic energy of ‘moving’ is converted into heat energy of ‘stopping’. KE= ½ mv 2 Flight Test Introduction 2016

24. Flight Test Introduction 2014 Let’s go flying in a C-150… But before you go…. What specific information about an airplane would you as a pilot need to know before you went flying?

25. Flight Test Introduction 2014 C-150

26. Flight Test Introduction 2012 Airplane ‘Owners’ Manual

27. Flight Test Introduction 2012 Takeoff Distance

28. Flight Test Introduction 2012 Climb Speeds

29. Flight Test Introduction 2012 Range Data

30. Flight Test Introduction 2012 Landing Distance