1. American Imperialism (1899-1917) APUSH B

2. China 1899 – Secretary of State John Hay asks European powers to have an “open door” policy to allow America to trade in many of China’s ports. 1900 Boxer Rebellion – President McKinley sends 5,000 U.S. soldiers to put down this anti-foreigner rebellion within China.

4. Spanish Acquisitions Puerto Rico 1900 Foraker Act – asserts that PR is an American territory under the control of a presidential council. 1917 – Jones Act makes Puerto Ricans citizens of the U.S. Cuba 1901 – Platt Amendment (overrode the Teller Am.) passed which forces Cuba to allow U.S. troops in their country; America controls their foreign policy; U.S. gets a base (Guantanamo).

7. Central American Canal -France started a canal in Panama in the 1880s but it failed for many reasons. -U.S. liked a canal in Nicaragua b/c it was closer to and friendlier w/ the U.S. though it was longer. -1903 – Panamanian businessmen launch a coup to overthrow Colombian control of the region. U.S. assists with navy help. -U.S. offers $10 million for the canal company and recognizes Panama’s independence. - 1913 – Canal is completed. 1913 – Canal is completed. -Panama video.Panama video -Chinese company wants to build Nicaraguan canal.

8. Roosevelt Corollary 1904 – SOTU address, TR adds to the Monroe Doctrine by claiming that the U.S. has the right to interfere in Latin American affairs (b/c of “chronic wrongdoing”) before any European nations can. 1905 – Dominican Republic – invaded by U.S. before Europe could recollect its debts. U.S. seized its customs house, RRs, and paid off the debt w/ DR monies collected.

9. Latin American Sphere of Influence? Between 1898 -1933, the U.S. invaded Latin American countries 32 times to assert its dominance. Taft’s “Dollar Diplomacy” was to substitute “dollars for bullets” but American soldiers were used as enforcers for loans from American banks. General Smedley Butler stated afterwards: “I spent 33 years and four months in active military service and during that period I spent most of my time as a high class muscle man for Big Business, for Wall Street and the bankers. In short, I was a racketeer, a gangster for capitalism.”Wall Street - U.S. invaded Mexico 2x (1914, 1916) as well as Honduras, Panama, Cuba, Nicaragua, Dominican Republic.

12. Missionary Diplomacy Woodrow Wilson rejected Taft’s DD and installed his own foreign policy. His foreign policy would not serve business interests but the nation’s. He and Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan also wanted to spread democracy around Latin America with a missionary’s zeal. MD failed b/c it didn’t change our foreign policy; we still invaded DR, Nicaragua, Mexico, and Haiti.