1. Biology 1 st Semester Review

2. How is a habitat different than an ecosystem?  Ecosystems vary in size and can be as small as a puddle as large as a forest. Any group of living and nonliving things interacting with one and other can be considered as an ecosystem. It's the way nature works together and depend on one and other: such as ants, anteater, soil, trees, forest and sun.  The word " habitat " is Latin for " it inhabits ". A habitat is a place where a species lives. It is the natural place or environment in which plants, animals and organisms live. Basically, their physical surroundings that influence and is used by any species.  Habitats are specific to a population. Each population has its own habitat. If the habitat changes and it no longer works for the species, they adapt or move on. Many species can live in the same habitat, such as a pond.  Within each ecosystem, there are habitats.

3. In which area would you find the least biodiversity? Open ocean floor Tropical rainforest Temperate savannah Coral reef

4. What is succession?  Ecological succession is the observed process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over time. The time scale can be decades (for example, after a wildfire), or even millions of years after a mass extinction.

5. What is a biotic vs. abiotic factor?

6. What is photosynthesis and why is it important?  Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms' activities.  What is that chemical energy called?

7. What are trophic levels?  The trophic level of an organism is the position it occupies in a food chain. The word trophic derives from the Greek τροφή (trophē) referring to food or feeding. A food chain represents a succession of organisms that eat another organism and are, in turn, eaten themselves.  What factor limits the number of trophic levels?

8. Why are food webs formed from food chains?

9. Cycles of life: biological, geological and chemical!

10. What do these graphs represent?

11. What are some effects of very dense populations on resources?

12. Over time, the rabbit’s fur adapted to its winter surroundings to avoid becoming prey—what is this process called?

13. What are fossil fuels and how are they made?

14. Name the four macromolecules of life  Carbohydrates: Main source of energy. Examples: starch, chitin, glycogen, glucose  Lipids: Main source of stored energy. Examples: fats, oils  Proteins: Made up of chains of amino acids. They do most of the work in cells and are required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body's tissues and organs. Examples: fish, beans  Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA—the building blocks of organisms. DNA holds your genetic makeup and RNA is responsible for producing proteins amongst other things.

15. This is a water molecule. It has partial charges on opposite ends—what do we call that?

16. Why do polar substances dissolve in water?

17. Cohesion and adhesion

18. True or False: Enzymes are essential to the chemical process of life. I’m a protein and I speed up reactions without raising activation energy.

19. What does a eukaryotic cell have that the prokaryotic cell doesn’t?

20. What part of the cell makes proteins?

21. What’s the packaging plant of the cell?

22. What is the “PAC Man” of the cell?

23. What is the “powerhouse” of the cell?

24. What is the “control center” of the cell?

25. What kind of cells are humans and plants made up of?