1. DNA and RNA

2. Rosalind Franklin Worked with x-ray crystallography Discovered: That DNA had a helical structure with two strands

3. James Watson and Francis Crick Informally received a copy of Franklin’s x-ray crystallography picture of DNA Discovered: The double helix structure of DNA that we know today

4. Watson and Crick

5. DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid Characteristics: Twisted double helix Chains of nucleotides Role: Holds genetic information

6. Components of DNA 1)Nucleotides 2)Sugar phosphate backbone

7. DNA's Nucleotides 3 Components 1)5 carbon sugar called deoxyribose 2)Phosphate group 3)Nitrogenous base Nitrogenous Base

8. DNA's Nitrogenous Bases 1) Adenine (A) 2) Guanine (G) 3) Cytosine (C) 4) Thymine (T)

9. Purines and Pyrimidines Adenine Guanine Cytosine Thymine Purines (have two rings) Pyrimidines (have one ring)

10. Chargaff's Rules Adenine (A) - Thymine (T) Cytosine (C) - Guanine (G) The Nitrogenous Bases are held together by hydrogen bonds

11. Practice DNA Nitrogenous Base Pairing ___________________________________ A G C G A T C G G

12. Practice DNA Nitrogenous Base Pairing ___________________________________ C C A T G A A C G

13. Practice DNA Nitrogenous Base Pairing ___________________________________ A T C G A T C G A

14. RNA Ribonucleic Acid Characteristics: Single stranded Long chain of nucleotides Role: Protein synthesis

15. Components of RNA 1)Nucleotides 2)Sugar phosphate backbone

16. RNA's Nucleotides 3 Components 1)5 carbon sugar called ribose 2)Phosphate group 3)Nitrogenous base Ribose SugarPhosphate Group AdenineGuanine Cytosine Uracil

17. RNA's Nitrogenous Bases 1) Adenine (A) 2) Guanine (G) 3) Cytosine (C) 4) Uracil (U)

18. RNA's Nitrogenous Base Pairing with DNA Adenine (A) - Uracil (U) Cytosine (C) - Guanine ( G) RNA

19. Practice RNA Nitrogenous Base Pairing with DNA ___________________________________ A G C G A T C G G DNA

20. Practice RNA Nitrogenous Base Pairing with DNA ___________________________________ T C G A A C G T G DNA

21. Practice RNA Nitrogenous Base Pairing with DNA ___________________________________ A C T G C T A C C DNA

22. 3 Types of RNA 1) Messenger RNA (mRNA) 2) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) 3) Transfer RNA (tRNA)

23. Messenger RNA (mRNA) Role: Copies DNA

24. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Role: Makes polypeptides

25. Transfer RNA (tRNA) Role: Transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis