1. CH 2: A Summer Afternoon Topics: subjects, verbs, linking verbs, complements, Subject/verb agreement, the Roman Family

3. Pre-Reading Questions Whom do you see in the picture? What are the girls doing? What is the setting of the picture? What do you see under the tree? Can anyone give me an English sentence with a subject, linking verb and complement?

4. Pre-reading Questions (con’t) Take a look at the vocab on pg 7 All of the verbs in CH 1 ended in –t. Two verbs in the vocab list end in –nt. What does this mean? What plural noun do you see in the vocabulary list?

7. Grammar Preview Using printed copy of story underline singular sentences in one color and plural sentences with another. 6 columns: singular and plural nouns, singular and plural adj, singular and plural verbs. Place every subject, adjective, verb and complement in table. Students fill in missing forms (ignore proper names)

8. Puella in vill ā Puellae in vill ā What is the difference between the first sentence and the second? How does Latin make a subject plural? What else changes in the sentence? habitat. habitant.

9. Singular subject: singular verb: puella, amica, villa + habitat, currit, est Puella in vill ā habitat. Amica in agris currit. Villa in Itali ā est.

10. plural subject: plural verb: puellae, amicae, villae + habitant, currunt, sunt Puellae in vill ā habitant. Amicae in agris currunt. Villae in Itali ā sunt.

11. How would you make this sentence plural? The noun must end in –ae and the verb in –nt.

12. When the subject has an adjective… …the adjective becomes plural too. laeta laetae..

13. Singulars & Plurals If the subject of a Latin sentence is singular, the verb must be singular. If the subject of a Latin sentence is plural, the verb must be plural. This is called “agreement”. Singular subjects end in –a, singular verbs end in –t: Puella ambulat. Puella in vill ā est. Plural subjects end in –ae, plural verbs end in –nt: Puellae ambulant. Puellae in vill ā sunt.

14. 1.Cornelia est puella. Cornelia et Flavia 2.Puella in Itali ā habitat. in Italiā 3.Puella in agris non sedet. in agris non 4.Puella in agris ambulat. in agris 5.Cornelia defessa est. Cornelia et Flavia 6.Villa in Italiā est. in Italiā 7.Puella laeta sub arbore sedet. sub arbore Puellae suntpuellae. habitant. Puellaesedent. Puellaeambulant. defessaesunt. Villae sunt. Puellae laetae sedent.

15. Choose the correct word to complete the sentence. Then translate each sentence. 1.Puella in vill ā vicinā habitat / habitant 2.Amica in agrisambulat / ambulant 3.Cornelia et Flavia amicae.est / sunt 4.Puellae in agris non iam currit / currunt 5.Quid hodie puellae?facit / faciunt 6.Flavia est strenua / strenuae 7. sub arbore sedent.puella / puellae 8.Defessae sunt Cornelia / Cornelia et Flavia 9.Puella strenua non est Cornelia / Cornelia et Flavia 10. ad villam lente ambulant.amica / amicae habitat. ambulat. sunt currunt. faciunt strenua. Puellae Cornelia et Flavia. Cornelia. Amicae

17. 2a. Responde Latine 1. Ubi habitant Cornelia et Flavia? 2. Quid faciunt puellae hodie? 3. Quid facit Cornelia quod defessa est? 4. Quid faciunt puellae sub arbore?

18. A linking verb like est doesn’t express action. It connects the subject with more information about the subject. Cornelia est puella Romana. “Est” isn’t something Cornelia can do. It just connects Cornelia to more information about her, namely that she is a puella Romana. It acts like an = sign. Cornelia = puella Romana Other examples. Cornelia et Flavia sunt amicae. Brevi tempore Cornelia est defessa.

19. A complement provides the extra information about the subject introduced by the linking verb. It is called a complement because it completes the sentence. Think of a predicate noun or adjective A complement can be another noun. Cornelia est puella. A complement can be an adjective. Flavia est strenua. A complement can be a noun and an adjective. Cornelia non est puella strenua.

20. Which sentences do NOT contain linking verbs and complements? 1.Cornelia in agris currit. 2.Cornelia et Flavia sunt amicae. 3.Flavia laeta sub arbore sedet. 4.Cornelia ad villam lente ambulat. 5.Brevi tempore puellae sunt defessae. 6.Defessae puellae sunt amicae. 7.Defessae puellae in villā sedent. 8.Magistra non est puella Romana. Now put a line under each linking verb and circle each complement.

21. Can you produce your own singular and plural sentences using the vocabulary you know? Nomina: puella villa Cornelia Flavia amica Verba: legit / legunt currit / currunt scribit / scribunt ambulat / ambulant sedet / sedent habitat / habitant est / sunt Adiectiva: laeta Romana defessa strenua

22. Find the mistake. Puella non sedent, sed in agris ambulant.  The subject puella is singular, but the verbs are plural. Change puella to puellae OR change sedent /ambulant to sedet/ambulat. Flavia est defessae.  Flavia is singular, but defessae is plural. Change it to defessa. Flavia et Cornelia sunt puella Romanae.  Flavia and Cornelia make a plural subject, but puella is singular. Change it to puellae.