1. Agenda Bell Ringer #1: Can you name five ways Shakespeare (any play, verbiage, etc.) is relevant today? If you can, list those five ways. If you can’t, tell me why you think he’s not relevant. Review Subject/Verb agreement Shakespeare Relevance Decoding Shakespeare Practice with “Shakespeare speak”

2. How relevant is Shakespeare? Day 2: Hamlet L.12.3: Apply knowledge of language to understand how language functions in different contexts, to make effective choices for meaning or style, and to comprehend more fully when reading or listening. * I can interpret the language used in Shakespeare’s writings. L.12.1: Demonstrate command of conventions of standard English grammar when writing or speaking. * I can demonstrate proper use of subject/verb agreement.

3. Subject/Verb Basic Mistakes In its most simple form: plural and collective nouns require plural verbs and singular nouns require singular verbs. Of course you know this. Maybe, the questions you got wrong are wrong because of a simple mistake… aka) not reading the question closely. Or, maybe it’s because you made one of the following errors...

4. Most common mistakes – 1. The verb agreement MUST follow the last subject listed. Ex) The dog or the cats are outside. – 2. Even if there is a subject separated from the verb because of non-essential elements, the verb must still follow the subject for agreement. Ex) The movie, including all the previews, takes about two hours to watch. – 3. Indefinite pronouns: anyone, everyone, someone, no one, and nobody are ALWAYS singular. Ex) Somebody has left her purse.

5. Most common mistakes – 4. When given the option to choose the SUBJECT of each of the sentences that the verb agrees with, sometimes the answer is EACH. Solely because the word EACH implies distribution telling the reader WHICH thing of whatever group. Ex) Each of the candidates is going to speak. – 5. Phrases like together with, as well as, and along are NOT the same as AND. So, they’re not compound subjects. Therefore, the agreement falls with the EARLIER word. Ex) The mayor as well as his brothers is going to prison. VERSUS The mayor and his brothers are going to prison.

6. Get it? Try this formative verb practice. You MUST get both parts of the question right for credit. Otherwise it’s counted wrong.

7. Let’s transition… Shakespeare’s relevance is still HUGE today. Did you know many modern WORDS and PHRASES were taken from Shakespeare? – Dead as a doornail – Love is blind – All’s well that ends well – In a pickle – Cruel to be kind – Many words that begin with prefix un-: Uneducated, untrained, unhelpful, unreal, unaware, undress, unsolicited

8. Shakespeare in Modern Day E!’s show The Royals is loosely based off the plot of Hamlet. – There is a prince (Hamlet) who falls in love with a girl named Ophelia (Ophelia), whose father is the king’s advisor (Polonius). The king dies and the uncle holds the throne (Claudius), yet the queen is still the queen (Gertrude) << That’s in the show. In the play, Claudius marries Gertrude. Not to mention, King comes back as a ghost. Additionally, there are plenty of shenanigans that make it an E! program and NOT an exact retelling of one of the greatest plays of all time.

9. Hamlet and The Lion King Cartoon Conspiracy Play until 3:52

10. Shakespeare’s Relevance So, Shakespeare? He’s more relevant than you think. I’m trying to tell you, he was the OG of language, drama, comedy… really all of it. Shakespeare in Hip Hop (play until 7:00) Shakespeare in Hip Hop

11. Let’s transition I suggest you keep a running notes page for Shakespeare facts. We’ll be adding a bit more to the page each day. Fact 1: – Many of Shakespeare’s works are in imabic pentameter. What does that mean?

12. Iambic Pentameter

13. Examples… “O that this too too solid flesh would melt, Thaw, and resolve itself into a dew! Or that the Everlasting had not fix’d His canon ‘gainst self-slaughter! O God! O God! – Hamlet Can you hear the five iambs per line?

14. Now… Hopefully you can realize that even though Hamlet was written in 1600ish, it’s still influencing our culture today. Now, how will we READ/COMPREHEND what’s on the page? Or, even understand what’s on film? Shakespeare Lesson

15. Decoding Shakespeare Picture yourself at a wedding… what words do the bride and groom exchange? I, Jasmine, take thee, Aladdin as my lawful husband. What common word could replace thee?

16. Pronouns… back in the day Shakespeare’s works use different pronouns, mostly because he wrote hundreds of years ago when English was a little different. In the Elizabethan era, like today, pronouns changed depending on their job in a sentence. – Thou- Subject: “Thou are my brother.” – Thee- Object: “Come, let me clutch thee.” – Thy- Possessive adjective: “What is thy name?” – Thine- Possessive Noun: “To thine own self be true.” – Ye- Subject: “Ye shall know me.”

17. In your likeness you appear to us! That in thy likeness thou appear to us! Practice Can you do the next one? Rewrite the following passage onto your own paper in modern English. Griefs of mine own lie heavy in my breast,/ Which thou will propagate, to have it prest/ With more of thine: this love that thou hast shown/Doth add more grief to too much of mine own.

18. Answer: Griefs of mine own lie heavy in my breast,/ Which thou will propagate, to have it prest/ With more of thine: this love that thou hast shown/Doth add more grief to too much of mine own. My grief lays heavy in my heart/ and you will expand my pain, to be pressed/ into yours. The love you have shown/ adds more hurt to my own overly heavy burdens.

19. Verb Endings An older form of English, Middle English, added ‘bits’ to the end of the verbs- called inflections. Shakespeare used Modern English (at the time), but the language still used some inflections. That’s why there will be an extra - est or –st, and –th or –eth. – “Thou liest, malignant thing.” – “What didst thou see?” – “He heareth not, he stirreth not, he moveth not.”

20. Practice I would thou hadst my bones, and I thy news. I wish you had my bones, and I had your news. Do the next one on your own paper. I do protest I never injured thee, / But love thee better than those canst devise / Till thou shalt know the reason of my love

21. Answer I do protest I never injured thee, / But love thee better than those canst devise / Till thou shalt know the reason of my love I disagree; I never insulted you, / But will care for you more than you can understand / you will know the reason of my love

22. Sentence Structure Shakespeare loved to play with the English language. He knew he could be creative with diction, figurative language, multiple meaning words and sentence structure. When reading Shakespearean sentences, rearrange and reword where necessary to understand. – As you cluster words into sentences, you should see that Shakespeare’s sentences can be easy to decode. – Your final sentence can (and probably will) be different from Shakepeare’s. Doesn’t mean either sentence is better; it’s just different.

23. Exit Slip On your own half-sheet of paper, decode the following Shakespeare Insults: – (via the Twitter account @WilliamHatesYou) You may have to look some words up! That’s okay. You should! That will enhance your knowledge of the word. 1.“If you spend word for word with me, I shall make your wit bankrupt.” The Two Gentlemen of Verona 2.“What a brazen faced varlet art thou.” King Lear 3.“She speaks yet she says nothing.” Romeo and Juliet 4.“I’ll beat thee, but I should infect my hands.” Timon of Athens 5.“I desire that we be better strangers.” As You Like It