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MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS. Bonding Atoms combine with each other in two general ways: 1. Ionic Compounds: transfer of electrons from one atom to another June.

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Presentation on theme: "MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS. Bonding Atoms combine with each other in two general ways: 1. Ionic Compounds: transfer of electrons from one atom to another June."— Presentation transcript:

1 MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS

2 Bonding Atoms combine with each other in two general ways: 1. Ionic Compounds: transfer of electrons from one atom to another June 14, 20162 Cl 35.45 17 Chlorine Sodium Na 22.99 11 Sodium chloride Na 22.99 11 + Cl 35.45 17 -

3 Molecular Compounds 2. Molecular Compounds: sharing of electrons between atoms A covalent bond is formed when electrons are shared between two nonmetals Neither atom gains nor loses an electron, therefore, no ion is formed The overlapping shells create the chemical bond June 14, 20163 Cl 35.45 17 Chlorine Cl 35.45 17 Chlorine Cl 35.45 17 Cl 35.45 17 Chlorine Notice that both atoms now have 8 valence electrons

4 Molecular Compounds Examples: (using Lewis Structures) 1. chlorine + chlorine chlorine gas 2. oxygen + hydrogen water June 14, 20164 Cl Cl 2 O H H H2OH2O

5 Molecular Compounds Examples: (using Lewis Structures) 3. nitrogen + hydrogen ammonia June 14, 20165 H N NH 3 H H

6 Molecular Compounds Examples: (using Lewis Structures) 4. carbon + hydrogen methane gas June 14, 20166 H C CH 4 H H H

7 Molecular Compounds Examples: (using Lewis Structures) 5. oxygen + oxygen oxygen gas 6. nitrogen + nitrogen nitrogen gas June 14, 20167 O2O2 OONN N2N2

8 Molecular Compounds Examples: (using Lewis Structures) 7. carbon + oxygen June 14, 20168 CO 2 COO carbon dioxide

9 Naming Molecular Compounds some molecular compounds have common names examples: water – H 2 O methane – CH 4 ammonia – NH 3 ozone – O 3 hydrogen peroxide – H 2 O 2 June 14, 20169

10 Naming Molecular Compounds some molecular compounds are made of diatomic molecules (only contain one kind of atoms) examples: hydrogen gas – H 2 oxygen gas – O 2 nitrogen gas – N 2 fluorine gas – F 2 chlorine gas – Cl 2 bromine (liquid) – Br 2 iodine (solid) – I 2 June 14, 201610

11 Naming Molecular Compounds remaining molecular compounds are named using the prefix system Rules: The first element in the formula is named first, using its full name The second element is named using the suffix –ide Use a prefix at the beginning of each name to represent the number of atoms of each element in the compound Note: The prefix mono- is only used to name the second element example: CO is carbon monoxide, not monocarbon monoxide June 14, 201611 NumberPrefix 1 2 3 4 5 6 mono- di- tri- tetra- penta- hexa-

12 Naming Molecular Compounds June 14, 201612 Examples : NO N 2 O NO 2 N 2 O 3 N 2 O 4 CS 2 PH 3 CF 4 PBr 5 carbon disulfide phosphorus trihydride carbon tetrafluoride phosphorus pentabromide nitrogen monoxide dinitrogen monoxide nitrogen dioxide dinitrogen trioxide dinitrogen tetroxide

13 Homework Page 156 # 1 & 2 Page 157 # 1 Page 158 # 6bc (Write the chemical formula & draw the Lewis Structure showing the covalent bonding.) Molecular Compounds Worksheet June 14, 201613

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