1. Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry www.pw.plock.pl High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa Roman Jaskulski Artur Koper Marcin Supera SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference

2. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference EU legal regulations: Over the past years, numerous legislative acts regulating the waste management issues at the EU level have been adopted. Perhaps the most important document was the Framework Directive (2008) that obliges member states to participate actively in waste recovery and the so-called separate collection of waste „at source”. The Directive imposes the following targets and time limits on member states:  To introduce separate collection of waste such as metal, paper, plastics and glass by 2015,  To ensure re-use and recycling of the following fractions of municipal waste: paper, metals, plastics and glass at the level of min. 50% by weight, by 2020,  To ensure re-use, recycling and other ways of utilizing materials, incl. backfilling operations using non-hazardous construction and demolition waste, at the level of min. 70% by weight, by 2020. Sustainable development is one of the leading civilizational ideas. This term means such a development that satisfies the present needs without a limiting the possibilities of fulfilling the needs in the future.

3. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference National Programme for the Development of Low- Emission Economy - aims to support improvement of energy- and resource-efficiency, waste prevention and better waste management, and promotion of new consumption patterns.

4. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference We have to support the widely understood sustainable development and low-carbon economy carried out by: development of low carbon energy sources, improving energy efficiency, improving the efficiency of materials management, development and use of low carbon technologies, preventing creation of waste and improving the efficiency of waste management, promoting new patterns of consumption

5. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference We have to support the widely understood sustainable development and low-carbon economy carried out by: development of low carbon energy sources, improving energy efficiency, improving the efficiency of materials management, development and use of low carbon technologies, preventing creation of waste and improving the efficiency of waste management, promoting new patterns of consumption

6. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference We have to support the widely understood sustainable development and low-carbon economy carried out by: development of low carbon energy sources, improving energy efficiency, improving the efficiency of materials management, development and use of low carbon technologies, preventing creation of waste and improving the efficiency of waste management, promoting new patterns of consumption

7. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference We have to support the widely understood sustainable development and low-carbon economy carried out by: development of low carbon energy sources, improving energy efficiency, improving the efficiency of materials management, development and use of low carbon technologies, preventing creation of waste and improving the efficiency of waste management, promoting new patterns of consumption

8. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference Present: Simple substitution of natural aggregate with RCA fractions > 4 mm (allowed i.a. by EN-206:2013) Future: Other, more sophisticated methods of RCA utilization and more RCA from construction waste to manage. HPC witch RCA coarse aggregate, fly ash and SCM’s – whether is it the proper way?

9. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference Assumptions Coarse RCA of average quality, Large amount of SCM in concrete mixture, Mixture flow  40 cm (after 60 minutes), Compressive strength after 28 days  60 MPa, Low sorptivity, waterproof concrete, High resistivity on chloride migration and carbonation, No economical issues concerned (for now).

10. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference Research programme First stage Preliminary tests of concretes with different mix proportions: consistency, mechanical properties, water absorption, sorptivity. Second stage Additional tests for selected concrete: resistance to corossion hazards (chloride migration and carbonation tests) and waterproof (water under pressure test). Analysis of the influence of replacing 2-4 mm fraction of natural aggregate with RCA.

11. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference RCA aggregate source fine quality concretes of age exceeding 180 days, compressive strength varied between 35-50 MPa, two fractions: 4-8 mm and 8-16 mm, aggregate crushing value (ACV): 14.19%  14.19% for 4-8 mm fraction,  17.41%  17.41% for 8-16 mm fraction.

12. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference Gradation curves for NA and RCA

13. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference

14. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference

15. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference

16. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference

17. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference

18. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference

19. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference

20. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference very good good

21. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference method: EN 12390-8 Water pressure 0.5 MPa Test duration 72 h (30;50 mm>  good quality  watertight DIN 1048:

22. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference method: NT Build 492

23. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference

24. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference Conclusions It is possible to manufacture concrete with RCA of compressive strength exceeding 70 MPa, but it is necessary to use at least 500 kg/m 3 of cement, water reducer and SCM. It is possible to manufacture concrete with RCA of compressive strength of 55-60 MPa with use of fly ash and 300 kg/m 3 of cement, but it is necessary to use high amount of good quality water reducer. Concrete with RCA, 300 kg/m 3 of cement and significant amount of waste materials retains good workability after on our since the begin of mixing. It is also waterproof and shows high resistance to corrosion hazards.

25. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference Research is needed in the future: Different CEM II and CEM III cement types. Some cheaper SCM: zeolites, fluidized ash? Frost resistance and resistance test to other corrosive factors.

26. High performance concrete with SCM and recycled aggregate Wojciech Kubissa, Roman Jaskulski, Artur Koper, Marcin Supera Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering, Mechanics and Petrochemistry SPECIAL CONCRETE AND COMPOSITES 2015 12th International Conference Thank you for your kind attention