1. Earth Science Exam Review

2. 1. Which of the following isn’t a factor/force involved with erosion? A. Gravity B. Wind C. Tension D. Water

3. Tension

4. 2. How is solar energy essential to plants? A. maintains the internal temperature of the plants B. converted to chemical energy used by the plants C. signals the plants to release leaves in the fall D. regulates the consumption of oxygen by the plant

5. converted to chemical energy used by the plants

6. 3. How does the sun’s energy affect food webs on Earth? A. The ultraviolet radiation of the sun generates ozone for plants to support all life. B. The wavelengths of visible light stimulate plant cells to produce energy compounds by photosynthesis. C. The microwaves emitted by the sun stimulate animal reproduction in the rainforest

7. The wavelengths of visible light stimulate plant cells to produce energy compounds by photosynthesis.

8. 4. Why does Earth experience precession? a. because the Earth revolves around the sun every 365 days b. because of the movement of the circumpolar stars and Polaris c. because the Earth is the third planet from the sun d. because the plane of the moon’s orbit is tilted from the Earth’s elliptical plane

9. because the plane of the moon’s orbit is tilted from the Earth’s elliptical plane

10. 5. What is the major difference between weather and climate? A. Air temperature B. Air pressure C. Humidity D. Time

11. Time

12. 6. What type of pressure system is a hurricane associate with? A. High B. Medium C. Low D. Anticyclone

13. Low

14. 7. Which of the following is an example of climate? A. The current temperature in Pinehurst, NC B. The relative humidity in Raleigh, NC C. The average current temperature in a region D. The average temperature in Raleigh, NC over the past 30 years

15. The average temperature in Raleigh, NC over the past 30 years.

16. 8. How is biodiversity essential to the environment? A. Biodiversity increases the chance that at least some living things will survive in the face of large changes in the environment B. Biodiversity decreases the stability of the ecosystem C. Biodiversity reduces the amount of genetic material in the environment D. Biodiversity decreases the chance that at least some living things will survive in the face of large changes in the environment

17. Biodiversity increases the chance that at least some living things will survive in the face of large changes in the environment

18. 9. Which human activity would be most destructive to the biodiversity of the biosphere? A. The burning of wood and coal in rural areas B. The release of species of freshwater trout in lakes C. The removal of plants from the food webs they support D. The removal of erosion barriers from forest boundaries

19. The removal of plants from the food webs they support

20. 10. Why should the farming industry adopt sustainable agriculture practices? A. To increase the use of irrigation systems B. To increase the number of non-point sources of water pollution C. To increase the amount of erosion and deposition D. To reduce the environmental degradation and economic losses

21. To reduce the environmental degradation and economic losses

22. 11. Which change would most likely occur as a result of rapid increases in the global population? A. The price of labor to harvest raw food supplies would decrease. B. The price of transporting food would cause lower of food prices. C. There would be a high demand for limited natural resources. D. The present global management of natural resources would remain the same

23. There would be a high demand for limited natural resources.

24. 12. Which type of clouds are tornadoes associated with? A. Cirrus B. Cumulonimbus C. Stratus D. Cumulus

25. Cumulonimbus

26. 13. Where would the highest amounts of acid rain most likely be found? a. over the ocean b. in the forest c. in urban areas d. in the mountains

27. in urban areas

28. 14. The weather in the U.S. is impacted by which set of global winds? A)westerlies B)easterlies C)doldrums D)trade winds

29. westerlies

30. 15. Which forms during the night because water cools slower than land? A)easterlies B)land breeze C)westerlies D)sea breeze

31. land breeze

32. 16. What is the carrying capacity of an ecosystem? A. the total number of organisms alive at the same time in an ecosystem B. the minimum number of individuals needed to have balance in an ecosystem C. the total number of individuals, living and dead, that have been supported by an ecosystem D. the maximum number of individuals that an ecosystem can support without harming the ecosystem

33. the maximum number of individuals that an ecosystem can support without harming the ecosystem

34. 17. What will most likely happen to a stable ecosystem when a population of animals exceeds the ecosystem’s carrying capacity? A. The ecosystem will improve. B. The ecosystem will degrade. C. The ecosystem will change type. D. The ecosystem will remain unchanged

35. The ecosystem will degrade.

36. 18. Which renewable resource would be least affected by increasing global temperatures? A. hydropower B. wind energy C. geothermal power D. biomass energy

37. geothermal power

38. 19. As human populations increase, more shelter is needed. Increasing shelter often requires making a trade-off with another resource. In which case is a food resource decreased to increase a shelter resource? A. Farmland is converted into house lots. B. Old-growth timber is cut to build houses. C. Corn is made into ethanol for cars instead of food. D. Wind power generated on farmland provides electricity for a factory.

39. Farmland is converted into house lots.

40. 20. Wave energy from the ocean can be harnessed to power generators to make electricity. Energy from ocean tides can also be used to make electricity. How would you categorize these two sources of energy? A. Both are renewable. B. Both are nonrenewable. C. Wave energy is nonrenewable. Tidal energy is renewable. D. Wave energy is renewable. Tidal energy is nonrenewable.

41. Both are renewable.

42. 21. Corn is widely being used in the United States to make ethanol for use in automobile fuel. How might the overproduction of corn negatively affect the environment? A. decreasing soil fertility B. decreasing oil transportation C. increasing the greenhouse effect D. increasing carbon dioxide emissions

43. decreasing soil fertility

44. 22. While on a trip to Peru, Carlos saw that a mountainside had been terraced by the ancient Inca Indians. The Incas had terraced the side of the mountain to grow food. A. It provided a transportation system. B. It encouraged wild plant growth. C. It helped control erosion. D. It prevented flooding

45. It helped control erosion.

46. 23. Ethanol is an alternative fuel made from corn. What is one of the unfavorable effects of using ethanol as a fuel? A. decreased cost of fuel production B. decrease in farm land available for food production C. increase in the consumption of fossil fuels D. increased carbon footprint from driving automobiles

47. decrease in farm land available for food production

48. 24. Which renewable resource would be least affected by increasing global temperatures? A. hydropower B. wind energy C. geothermal power D. biomass energy

49. geothermal power

50. 25. Many birds live in mountainous temperate forest ecosystems. Above the tree line on mountains, however, the ecosystems change. Few birds are found there. Many factors contribute to the lower number of birds seen above a mountain’s tree line. Which of these factors is abiotic? A. limited food B. no trees for shelter C. frequent high winds D. high-flying predators

51. frequent high winds