1. Field Guide Lesser Prairie Chicken Ruffed Grouse Spruce Grouse Woodcock Ring Neck Pheasant Wild Turkey Bobwhite

2. Lesser Prairie Chicken 4 Description 16" (41 cm). A chicken-like bird, barred above and below with grayish brown, with short black tail. Courting male has long black feathers on sides of neck that form erect "horns"; inflates reddish-purple air sacs during courtship display. Horns of female shorter. Greater Prairie-Chicken (Tympanuchus cupido) of plains farther east is similar but larger and more strongly barred, with yellow-orange air sacs.

3. Tympanuchus pallidicinctus 4 Voice Various cackling and clucking notes; male gives booming call during courtship. 4 Habitat Dry grasslands with shrubs and short trees. 4 Nesting 11-13 creamy or buff- colored eggs in a grass-lined depression, usually under a low bush or shrub. 4 Range Resident in southern Colorado and Kansas, south locally in western Oklahoma, Texas, and eastern New Mexico.

4. Lesser Prairie Chicken 4 Range Resident in southern Colorado and Kansas, south locally in western Oklahoma, Texas, and eastern New Mexico. 4 Discussion The Lesser Prairie- Chicken likes short-grass prairies where stands of scrub oaks are common. Here males gather and engage in communal courtship displays in which the birds dance about with the colorful air sacs on their necks inflated, uttering low cooing or "booming" notes. This species replaces the Greater Prairie-Chicken in higher, drier grasslands

5. Ruffed Grouse 4 Description 16-19" (41-48 cm). A brown or gray- brown, chicken-like bird with slight crest, fan- shaped, black-banded tail, barred flanks, and black "ruffs" on sides of neck. 4 Voice Female gives soft hen-like clucks. In spring displaying male sits on a log and beats the air with his wings, creating a drumming sound that increases rapidly in tempo.

6. Bonasa umbellus 4 Habitat Deciduous and mixed forests, especially those with scattered clearings and dense undergrowth; overgrown pastures. 4 Nesting 9-12 pinkish-buff eggs, plain or spotted with dull brown, in a shallow depression lined with leaves and concealed under a bush.

7. Ruffed Grouse 4 Range Resident from tree line in Alaska and northern Canada south to California, Wyoming, Minnesota, Missouri, and Carolinas, and in Appalachians to Georgia.

8. Spruce Grouse 4 Description 15-17" (38-43 cm). A dark, chicken-like bird with a fan-shaped tail. Male dusky gray-brown, with red comb over eye, black throat and upper breast, white-spotted sides, chestnut-tipped tail. Birds in northern Rockies and Cascades (known as "Franklin's Grouse") have white tips on upper tail coverts and lack chestnut tail tip. Females of both forms browner; underparts barred with brown.

9. Falcipennis canadensis (Dendragapus canadensis) 4 Voice Males give a low krrrrk, krrrk, krrk, krrk, krrk, said to be the lowest- pitched vocal sound of any North American bird. Females produce low clucking notes. 4 Habitat Coniferous forests, especially those with a mixture of spruce and pine, edges of deep forests and bogs.

10. Spruce Grouse 4 Nesting 8-11 buff eggs, plain or spotted with brown, in a hollow lined with grass and leaves concealed on the ground under low branches of a young spruce. 4 Range Resident from Alaska, northern Manitoba, Quebec, and Nova Scotia south to Washington, Wyoming, central Manitoba, Michigan, and northern New England.

11. Woodcock 4 Description 11" (28 cm). A chunky, quail-sized bird with a very long bill and rounded wings. Rufous below, "dead leaf" pattern above, with transverse black bands on head. Eyes large, bulging, and located close to back of head. 4 Voice A loud, buzzy bzeep! similar to the call of a nighthawk and often repeated on the ground about every two seconds during courtship.

12. Scolopax minor 4 Habitat Moist woodlands and thickets near open fields. 4 Nesting 4 buff eggs, spotted with brown, in a hollow among dead leaves or under a bush. 4 Range Breeds from southern Manitoba and Newfoundland south to Texas, Gulf Coast states, and central Florida. Winters in southeastern states.

13. Ring Necked Phesant 4 Description 30-36" (76-91 cm). Larger than a chicken, with a long pointed tail. Male has red eye patch, brilliant green head, and (usually) white neck ring; body patterned in soft brown and iridescent russet. Female mottled sandy brown, with shorter tail. 4 Voice Loud crowing caw- cawk! followed by a resonant beating of the wings. When alarmed flies off with a loud cackle.

14. Phasianus colchicus 4 Habitat Farmlands, pastures, and grassy woodland edges. 4 Nesting 6-15 buff-olive eggs in a grass-lined depression concealed in dense grass or weeds. 4 Range Introduced from British Columbia, Alberta, Minnesota, Ontario, and Maritime Provinces south to central California, Oklahoma, and Maryland. Native to Asia.

15. Wild Turkey 4 Description Male, 48" (1.2 m); female, 36" (91 cm). Unmistakable. Dusky brown, barred with black, with iridescent bronze sheen; head and neck naked, with bluish and reddish wattles; tail fan- shaped, with chestnut, buff, or white tail tips. Male has spurs and long "beard" on breast. Female smaller, lacks spurs and usually "beard." Domestic turkeys similar, but usually tamer and stockier. 4 Voice Gobbling calls similar to those of domestic turkey.

16. Meleagris gallopavo 4 Habitat Oak woodlands, pine-oak forests. 4 Nesting 8-15 buff- colored eggs, spotted with brown, in a shallow depression lined with grass and leaves. 4 Range Resident in much of southern United States from Arizona east, as far north as New England. Introduced to many western states, including California.

17. Northern Bobwhite 4 Description 8-11" (20-28 cm). A small, chunky, brown bird; underparts pale and streaked; face patterned in black and white in males, buff and white in females. Usually seen in groups called covey 4 Voice Clear, whistled bob- WHITE or poor-bob-WHITE.

18. Colinus virginianus 4 Habitat Brushy pastures, grassy roadsides, farmlands, and open woodlands. 4 Range Permanent resident from Kansas, Iowa, Pennsylvania, and Cape Cod southward. Fluctuating populations farther north and west. Introduced locally elsewhere.