1. Online High School Student Population By: Elizabeth Ismail CCHE688 – College Teaching

2. Context Cavanaugh, Barbour, & Clark, 2009 Literature tends to focus on the adult population shortage of research for online high school learning communities

3. Context Cavanaugh & Clark, 2007 Distance education = solution to many issues – over-populated schools, – accommodating students that do not have access to the formal school classroom, – a lack of accelerated courses for advanced students, – etc.

4. Online High School Student Population U.S. Department of Education’s National Center for Education Statistics (2012) – Rate has risen from 30% in 2002-2003 to 53% in 2009-2010 U.S. Department of Education’s National Center for Education Statistics (2012) – towns (66%), rural (56%), suburban (45%), and city districts (37%).

5. Online High School Education Picciano & Seaman, 2009 Institutions rely on various online learning providers: – postsecondary institutions – virtual schools and independent providers – the option to develop and provide their own online courses

6. High School to College Association of American Colleges and Universities (2007) – “future economic growth and individual opportunity are now closely tied to the attainment of high levels of knowledge and skill, and to the ability to continue learning over a lifetime” The Education Trust–West (2002) – 75% of high school graduates enroll in college within 2 years of graduation National Center for Education Statistics (2006) – immediately upon completing high school, 67% of high school grads register for postsecondary education Horatio Alger Association of Distinguished Americans (2005) – around 94% of high school students describe a desire to attend college after graduating from high school. U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (2014) – “the percentage of students enrolling in college in the fall immediately following high school completion was 65.9%”.

7. High School to College Hoover (2013)

8. High School to College – Predictors King (2015) – Family income = best predictor of postsecondary enrollment Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance (2001) – roughly 50% of high school graduates that come from a low-income family will move on to college – roughly 90% of high school graduates that come from a high-income family will move on to college

9. Teacher Preparation Sax (2003) – Millennials accustomed to rewards for service in high school – Expectations carried into college – Compliance or commitment DeBard (2004) – freshmen survey responses from the Cooperative Institutional Research Program (CIRP) indicate lax academic standards in high school may be playing a part in this Millennial experience

10. To Consider… Clement and Whatley (2013) – online faculty should be proficient in building “supportive and positive, but businesslike, relationships” with students. Essentially, this should begin with the intent of building respectful relationships between students and teachers.

11. References Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance. (2001). Access Denied: Restoring the Nation’s Commitment to Equal Educational Opportunity. Washington, DC: Author. Association of American Colleges and Universities. (2007). College learning for the new global century: A report from the National Leadership Council for Liberal Education & America's Promise. Washington, D.C.: Author. Cavanaugh, C. & Clark, T. (2007). The landscape of K-12 online learning. In Cavanaugh, C. & Blomeyer, B. (Eds.), What works in K-12 online learning. Eugene, OR: International Society for Technology in Education. Cavanaugh, C., Barbour, M. K., & Clark, T. (2009). Research and practice in K- 12 online learning: A review of open access literature. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 10(1). Clement, M., & Whatley, K. (2013, May 14). Engaging students: Friendly but not their friend. Retrieved October 6, 2015. DeBard, R. (2004). Millennials coming to college. New Directions for Student Services, 33-45. Hoover, E. (2013, January 10). Minority Applicants to Colleges Will Rise Significantly by 2020. The Chronicle of Higher Education.

12. References Horatio Alger Association of Distinguished Americans. (2005). The State of Our Nation’s Youth, 2005–2006 (Alexandria, VA: Horatio Alger Association of Distinguished Americans, 2005), 17 King, M. (2015, October ). DECLINING BY DEGREES: Higher education at risk fact sheet. PowerPoint presented in CCHE688. National Center for Education Statistics. (2006). The Condition of Education (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education, 2006), 66. Picciano, A. G., & Seaman, J. (2009). K-12 Online Learning: A 2008 Follow-Up of the Survey of US School District Administrators. Sloan Consortium. PO Box 1238, Newburyport, MA 01950. Sax, L. J. (2003). “Our Incoming Students: What Are They Like?” About Campus, 8(3), 15–20. The Education Trust–West. (2002). The High School Diploma: Making it More Than an Empty Promise (Oakland, CA: The Education Trust–West, 2002), 5. U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Current Population Survey (CPS), October, 1975 through 2013. (July 2014). Retrieved from http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d14/tables/dt14_302.30.asp?current=yes U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. (2012). The Condition of Education (NCES 2012-045), Indicator 15.