1. 1 Presenter A. L. Dawn French, B.Sc. (HONS.) MA (EPDC), PgD (RCDM) APA, MRTPI, IAEM Director - NEMO Characteristics of a Hazard - 2006 Based on DANA – IDA [As developed by OFDA]

2. 2 OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this unit you will be able to: Define the terms hazard, vulnerability and disaster. Name at least three hazards likely to affect the participants’ communities/countries. Describe the potential effects of these hazards on the participants’ communities or countries.

3. 3 Continued … Identify and list the potential effects of these hazards on buildings and infrastructure. State why recognizing the potential effects of hazards and distinguishing among them is important.

4. 4 HAZARD The potential for a natural or human-caused event to occur with negative consequences.

5. 5 VULNERABILITY The extent to which a community’s structure, services or environment is likely to be damaged or disrupted by the impact of a hazard.

6. 6 DISASTER A natural or human-caused event which causes intense negative impacts on people, goods, services and/or the environment, exceeding the affected community’s capability to respond adequately.

7. 7 POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF HAZARDS Damage or disruption to the transportation network. Damage or disruption to utility services. Damage to housing and other buildings.

8. 8 Continued … Damage to productive infrastructure. Creation of health hazards. Injury and loss of life. Damage to productive and economic sectors. Damage or disruption to social services.

9. 9 TYPICAL EFFECTS OF HURRICANES Roads/Bridges flooded, washed away, blocked by debris. Airport runway flooded, blocked with debris, perimeter fence down.

10. 10 Continued … Seaport jetty damaged/destroyed, sunken boats blocking access. Utility poles with power and communication lines blown down. Water mains and sewer lines broken. Building roofs blown off or damaged.

11. 11 Continued … Building windows or doors blown in/out. Light weight structures blown off support or foundations. Water damage to building interior. Flooding damage. Landslide damage.

12. 12 Continued … Hurricane Lenny - 1999

13. 13 TYPICAL EFFECTS OF FLOODS Roads/Bridges flooded, washed away, blocked by debris. Airport runway flooded, blocked with debris, perimeter fence down. Utility poles with power and communication lines down due to foundation erosion.

14. 14 Continued... Water mains and sewer lines broken. Building foundations damaged. Light buildings moved off foundation. Building walls water logged and cracked. Building contents water logged / damaged.

15. 15 TYPICAL EFFECTS OF EARTHQUAKES Roads/bridges cracked, broken, blocked or destroyed. Airport runway cracked. Seaport jetties cracked, broken or collapsed. Utility poles with power and communication lines down due to soil movement.

16. 16 Continued … Water mains and sewer lines broken. Building roofs caved in and collapsed. Building foundations damaged. Buildings moved off foundations. Building walls and/or floors cracked and/or collapsed. Buildings collapsed.

17. 17 TYPICAL EFFECTS OF VOLCANOES Roads/bridges blocked or destroyed by lava flow, pyroclastic flow, mud flow or ash. Airport runway, terminal covered with ash or destroyed by pyroclastic flow, mud flow and/or lava flow.

18. 18 Continued … Utility poles burned or knocked over by lava flow. Water and sewage mains damaged or destroyed by lava flow. Water courses blocked. Building roofs collapsed from weight of ash.

19. 19 Continued … Buildings burned or weakened by heat. Total destruction from pyroclastic flow or lava flow.

20. 20 TYPICAL EFFECTS OF LANDSLIDES Roads/bridges blocked or damaged by soil, rocks and debris. Airport runway, terminal blocked by soil, rocks and debris. Utility poles fallen or buried by soil.

21. 21 Continued … Water and sewage mains buried, damaged by soil, rocks and debris. Building foundations damaged. Building walls cracked and weakened. Buildings moved off foundations. Buildings moved, covered, destroyed or weakened by moving earth.

22. 22 TYPICAL EFFECTS OF FIRE Smoke [and smoke inhalation] Damaged buildings Completely burned buildings Structurally unsound buildings

23. 23 Continued … Water damage Power loss Fire of June 25, 2004 - John Compton Highway Photo compliments of HTS

24. 24 TYPICAL EFFECTS OF PLANE CRASH Airport runway, terminal blocked Debris scattered around Fire Triage [Severely Injured and Dead]

25. 25 Continued … Missing Persons Media feeding frenzy Demands from Family, Friends, HQ and Governments Demands from other Airlines

26. 26 TYPICAL EFFECTS OF COMPUTER VIRUS Loss of productivity Loss of data Loss of Money

27. 27 Continued … Loss of Public Confidence in the Agency Loss of confidence in software/Operating System

28. 28 OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this unit you will be able to: Define the terms hazard, vulnerability and disaster. Name at least three hazards likely to affect the participants’ communities/countries. Describe the potential effects of these hazards on the participants’ communities or countries.

29. 29 Continued … Identify and list the potential effects of these hazards on buildings and infrastructure. State why recognizing the potential effects of hazards and distinguishing among them is important.

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