1. Lecture 17

2. Becoming a Leader

3. Quotations The truly successful person is essentially a dissenter and is always dissatisfied with the status quo. The truly successful person is essentially a dissenter and is always dissatisfied with the status quo. Everything is always impossible before it works. That is what entrepreneurs are all about—doing what people have told them is impossible. Everything is always impossible before it works. That is what entrepreneurs are all about—doing what people have told them is impossible.

4. Traits of Leadership Leadership and Leader Leadership is the process of bringing about positive changes and influencing others to achieve organizational goals. Leadership is the process of bringing about positive changes and influencing others to achieve organizational goals. Change and influence are the key words. Change and influence are the key words. People tend to be influenced by a person of high—but not unreasonable—self-confidence. People tend to be influenced by a person of high—but not unreasonable—self-confidence. Effective leadership at the top of organizations is necessary for prosperity and even survival. Yet leadership is also needed at lower levels. Effective leadership at the top of organizations is necessary for prosperity and even survival. Yet leadership is also needed at lower levels. A team leader is a person who facilitates and guides the efforts of a small group that is given some authority to govern itself. A team leader is a person who facilitates and guides the efforts of a small group that is given some authority to govern itself.

5. Assessing Leadership Role Indicate the extent to which you agree with each or the following statement. Use a 1-5 scale: 1=disagree strongly; 2=disagree; 3=neutral; 4=agree; 5=agree strongly SrDimensionDSDNAAS 1 It is enjoyable having people count on me for ideas and suggestions. 12345 2 It would be accurate to say that I have inspired other people. 12345 3 It is good practice to ask people provocative questions about their work. 12345 4 It is easy for me to complement others. 12345 5 I like to cheer up people even when my own spirits are down. 12345 6 What my team accomplishes is more important than my personal glory. 12345 7 Many people imitate my ideas. 12345 8 Building team spirit is important to me. 12345 9 I would enjoy coaching other members of the team. 12345 10 It is important to me to recognize others for their accomplishments. 12345 11 I would enjoy entertaining visitors to my even if it interfered with my completing a report. 12345 12 It would be fun for me to represent my team at gatherings outside my department. 12345 13 The problems of my teammates are my problems too. 12345 14 Resolving conflict is an activity I enjoy. 12345 15 I would cooperate with another unit in the organization even if I disagreed with the position taken by its members. 12345 16 I am an idea generator on the job. 12345 17 It is fun for me to bargain whenever I have the opportunity. 12345 18 Team members listen to me when I speak. 12345 19 People have asked to me to assume the leadership of an activity several times in my life. 12345 20 I have always been a convincing person. 12345 Total score ……………………. Scoring and interpretation: Calculate your total score by adding the numbers ticked. A tentative interpretation of the scoring is as follows: 90-100High readiness for the leadership role60-89Moderate readiness for the leadership role 40-59Some uneasiness for the leadership role<39Low readiness for carrying out the leadership role Source: DuBrin, Andrew J. ‘Human Relations: career and personal success’, Pearson Prentice Hall, 2005, p418

6. Character Attributes of Leaders 1. Integrity 2. Honesty 3. Loyalty4. Selflessness 5. Compassion6. Competency 7. Respectfulness8. Fairness 9. Responsibility10. Decisiveness 11. Spiritual appreciation 12. Cooperativeness

7. The entrepreneurial spirit Assertiveness Emotional intelligence Charisma, vision, passion, enthusiasm and humor Cognitive skills and openness to experience Strong work motivation and high energy Trustworthines s and Character EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP Seven Key Leadership Traits

8. Traits of Effective Leaders A. Traits and Characteristics of Effective Leaders: Effective leaders have the “right stuff,” meaning that certain inner qualities contribute to leadership effectiveness in a wide variety of situations. Effective leaders have the “right stuff,” meaning that certain inner qualities contribute to leadership effectiveness in a wide variety of situations.

9. Effectiveness Effectiveness means that the leader helps group members accomplish their objectives without neglecting satisfaction or morale. Effectiveness means that the leader helps group members accomplish their objectives without neglecting satisfaction or morale.

10. Traits of Leadership 1.Emotional Intelligence: A current conception of emotional intelligence is so broad that it encompasses many traits and behaviors related to leadership effectiveness, including self-awareness, self-management, social awareness and relationship management.

11. Self-awareness Self-awareness, the ability to understand your own emotions, is the most essential of the four emotional intelligence competencies. Self-awareness, the ability to understand your own emotions, is the most essential of the four emotional intelligence competencies.

12. Relationship Management Relationship management deals with a variety of interpersonal skills. Relationship management deals with a variety of interpersonal skills.

13. Emotional Intelligence Emotional intelligence can be developed through working on some of its components such as learning to control your temper and developing empathy by listening to people carefully. Emotional intelligence can be developed through working on some of its components such as learning to control your temper and developing empathy by listening to people carefully.

14. Traits of Leadership 2.Trustworthiness: Both leaders themselves and group members believe that being honest and sustaining trust are important. Today’s cliché is that leaders walk the talk.

15. Trust Trust is a person’s confidence in another individual’s intentions and motives and in the sincerity of that individual’s words. Trust is a person’s confidence in another individual’s intentions and motives and in the sincerity of that individual’s words. It takes a leader a long time to build trust, yet one brief incident of untrustworthy behavior can destroy it. It takes a leader a long time to build trust, yet one brief incident of untrustworthy behavior can destroy it.

16. Traits of Leadership 3.Strong Work Motivation and High Energy : Leadership positions are mentally and physically demanding. Strong motivation is also needed to accept the heavy responsibility that being a supervisor entails.

17. Traits of Leadership 4. Cognitive Skills and Openness to Experience: Leaders need to be mentally sharp. Leaders need to be mentally sharp. Problem-solving and intellectual skills are referred to collectively as cognitive skills. Problem-solving and intellectual skills are referred to collectively as cognitive skills.

18. Cognitive Skills and Openness to Experience A cognitive skill of major importance is knowledge of the business, or technical competence. A cognitive skill of major importance is knowledge of the business, or technical competence. Closely related to cognitive skills is the personality characteristic of openness to experience, a positive orientation toward learning. Closely related to cognitive skills is the personality characteristic of openness to experience, a positive orientation toward learning.

19. Traits of Leadership 5.Assertiveness : Assertiveness is a widely recognized leadership trait. If you are self- confident, it is easier to be assertive with people. Assertiveness helps leaders perform many tasks and achieve goals. Assertiveness helps leaders perform many tasks and achieve goals.

20. Traits of Leadership 6.Charisma: a. Vision b. Passion, Enthusiasm and Excitement c. Sense of Humor

21. Traits of leadership 6. Charisma: An important quality for leaders at all levels is charisma, a type of charm and magnetism that inspires others. An important quality for leaders at all levels is charisma, a type of charm and magnetism that inspires others. An effective leader usually needs some degree of this quality, although some effective leaders are not charismatic. An effective leader usually needs some degree of this quality, although some effective leaders are not charismatic. Here we focus on three of the many characteristics of charismatic leaders. Here we focus on three of the many characteristics of charismatic leaders.

22. Vision a. Vision: Effective leaders create a visual image of where the organization or unit, is headed. Effective leaders create a visual image of where the organization or unit, is headed. Effective leaders project ideas and images that excite people and therefore inspire employees to do their best. Effective leaders project ideas and images that excite people and therefore inspire employees to do their best.

23. Passion, Enthusiasm and Excitement b.Passion, Enthusiasm and Excitement: Because of their contagious excitement, charismatic leaders stimulate group members. Because of their contagious excitement, charismatic leaders stimulate group members. Enthusiasm helps build good relationships with team members and excitement is contagious. Enthusiasm helps build good relationships with team members and excitement is contagious. The leader can express enthusiasm verbally and nonverbally through gestures, nonsexual touching and so forth. The leader can express enthusiasm verbally and nonverbally through gestures, nonsexual touching and so forth.

24. Sense of Humor c. Sense of Humor: Humor is a component of charisma and a contributor to leadership effectiveness. Humor is a component of charisma and a contributor to leadership effectiveness. Humor helps leaders influence people by reducing tension, relieving boredom, and defusing anger. Humor helps leaders influence people by reducing tension, relieving boredom, and defusing anger. The most effective form of leadership is tied to the situation rather than telling rehearsed jokes. The most effective form of leadership is tied to the situation rather than telling rehearsed jokes.

25. Traits of Leadership 7.The Entrepreneurial Spirit: Corporate leaders as well as the self- employed can display an entrepreneurial spirit. Corporate leaders as well as the self- employed can display an entrepreneurial spirit. For example, a team leader with an entrepreneurial spirit will search for new activities for the group. For example, a team leader with an entrepreneurial spirit will search for new activities for the group.

26. Behaviors and Skills of Effective Leaders B. Behaviors and Skills of Effective Leaders: Leaders: In addition to personal attributes, a leader has to do things that influence group members to achieve good performance. In addition to personal attributes, a leader has to do things that influence group members to achieve good performance. The behaviors and skills of leaders described next contribute to productivity and morale in most situations. The behaviors and skills of leaders described next contribute to productivity and morale in most situations.

27. Practice Strong Ethics Practice Strong Ethics: Being trustworthy facilitates a leader practicing strong ethics, the study of moral obligation, or separating right from wrong. Workers are more likely to trust an ethical leader. Being trustworthy facilitates a leader practicing strong ethics, the study of moral obligation, or separating right from wrong. Workers are more likely to trust an ethical leader. Good ethics serves as a positive model for group members, thus strengthening the organization. Good ethics serves as a positive model for group members, thus strengthening the organization. Ethical leaders help group members avoid common ethical pitfalls such as lying, divulging confidential information, and covering up accidents. Ethical leaders help group members avoid common ethical pitfalls such as lying, divulging confidential information, and covering up accidents. An effective leader practices the Golden Rule. An effective leader practices the Golden Rule.