1. THE MOLARITY OF SOLUTIONS What are solutions?

2. Solutions are homogenous mixtures. They consist of one or more solutes dissolved in a solvent.

3. Concentration and Molarity Solutions can be concentrated or dilute, depending on the amount of solute and solvent. Concentrated-Having a large amount solute compared to another solution; strong Dilute-Having a small amount of solute compared to another solution; weak

4. Think about when you mix KOOL-Aid. The more powder and the less water will give you a more concentrated (strong) taste. The less powder and more water will give you a diluted (weak) taste Chemists use different units to measure the concentration of a solution Concentration is the amount of solute in a certain volume of a solution

5. One unit for concentration is molarity (M) Molarity- the number of moles of solute per liter of solution The equation for is…

6. Examples The volume of an aqueous solution is 1.50 L. It contains 12.5 g of NaCl. What is the molarity of the solution?

7. The volume of a solution is 1.67 L. It contains 39.0 g of diatomic bromine. What is the molarity of the solution?

8. The definition of molarity involves three values: molarity in moles per liter, moles, and liters:

9. If you know two of the values in the equation, you can solve for the missing one… If you know moles of solute and solution volume you can find molarity If you know the molarity and solution volume you can find moles of solute If you know molarity and moles of solute, you can find volume

10. Examples A 1.35 M solution of KF has a volume of 1.33 L. How many moles of a solute does it contain?

11. A 2.85 M solution of KCl has a volume of 0.425 L. How many moles of solute are in this solution?

12. An NH 4 Cl solution has a concentration of 0.573 M. It contains 0.323 mol of solute. What is the volume of the solution?

13. A BaBr 2 solution has a concentration of 1.95 M. It contains 1.25 mol of solute. What is the volume of the solution?

14. Conversion Review What is the volume of 68.4 g fluorine gas, F2, at STP?

15. You have 0.75 L of a 1.9 M of NaCl. What is the mass of the solute?

16. A 0.47 M KNO 3 solution contains 4.56 X 10 ^23 particles of KNO 3. What is the volume of the solution?