1. Do Now Pick up one index card and sit quietly at your desk. I will hand back tests shortly and explain the directions for your index card.

2. VOYAGES OF DISCOVERY

3. The Drive to Explore Driven by search for wealth Desired expensive spices, silk, perfume from India and China Flow of goods to Europe controlled by the Italians Some people wanted fame and glory

4. The Drive to Explore Hoped to spread faith into new lands Writings by Marco Polo intrigued explorers

5. Advances in Technology Compass and astrolabe helped in navigation Compass always pointed North Astrolabe used the moon and stars Ships built to ride lower in the water Capable of withstanding heavier waves

6. Advances in Technology Had larger cargo holds Caravel- a light fast ship, highly maneuverable Steered from a rudder in the stern Triangular sails to catch the wind Could be used to sail directly into the wind

7. Advances in Technology Could be equipped with cannon Could face hostile ships Popular because of maneuverability and defensive ability

8. Explorers from Spain and Portugal Portugal- first country with large scale voyages Henry the Navigator- the prince was a patron of the explorers 1400’s Henry established a small court

9. Explorers from Portugal and Spain Sailors Mapmakers Astronomers People interested in navigation Explored the Atlantic Western coast of Africa Settled in the Azores and Madeira islands

10. Explorers from Portugal and Spain Portuguese sailors learned Africa’s coast Gold and slave trade Goal to find a water route around Africa to India 1488 Bartolomeu Dias first European to sail around southern Africa

11. Explorers from Portugal and Spain 1497 Vasco de Gama set out for India 10 months to reach India Learned about Muslim traders Pedro Cabral sailed west and discovered Brazil

12. Explorers from Portugal and Spain Portuguese established trading centers in India Sailed to lands in Indonesia Became one of the richest and most powerful people

13. The Spanish 1492 Isabella and Ferdinand agreed to pay for Christopher Columbus’s voyage Thought he could sail west to China Theory correct, size of the earth was wrong Reached the Caribbean

14. The Spanish Thought he reached Asian islands after two months Called the people Indians Returned to Spain in 1493 Brought back native Americans, gold silver, parrots, plants

15. The Spanish Columbus made three more trips 1502 Amerigo Vespucci sailed South American coast and said it was not India Called the land America in his honor

16. The Spanish 1513 Vasco de Balboa took three months to cross Panama and saw the Pacific Ocean Spanish realized they need to cross another ocean Ferdinand Magellan sailed around the world

17. The Spanish Had five ships and 250 men Some men mutinied and rebelled Reached the Philippines Magellan was killed by native people September 8 1522 Spain was the first people to circumnavigate the world

18. Explores from the Rest of Europe 1497 John Cabot sailed from England to Canada Thought he reached Asia After returning to England he tried again and his ship disappeared

19. Explorers from the Rest of Europe Sir Francis Drake rounded South America to explore its west coast Tried to sail north around North America Weather turned him back Second man to sail around the world

20. Explorers from the Rest of Europe England wanted a shorter route to Asia Henry Hudson 1607 tried to find Northeast passage but found nothing but ice

21. The French Jacques Cartier- sailed to Newfoundland and the Saint Lawrence River He claimed the land for France Called it new France Later called it Canada

22. The Dutch 1600 Netherlands became a powerful trading nation Henry Hudson set sail in 1609 No Northeast Passage Tried Northwest Passage through the Americas Explored what is now the Hudson River and Bay