1. A History of Western Society CHAPTER 5 The Rise of Rome, ca. 750–31 BCE

3. ETRUSCANS- ESTABLISHED FIRST PERMANENT SETTLEMENTS PROVIDED ROMANS WITH: ALPHABET, SYMBOLS OF POLITICAL AUTHORITY, TOGA, VAULT, ARCH

4. Early Roman History LEGEND OF ROME THE REAL STORY DOORWAYS- “CAVE CANEM”

5. ROME SACKED BY GAULS 390 BCE Gauls (Celts) attack Rome is sacked Legendary expressions What Rome learned

7. The Roman Republic: Development of Political institutions - patricians/plebeians (plebs) -senate/consuls (praetors acted in place when away) -censors Roman Law- civil law

8. The Struggle of the Orders Struggle Between Patricians and Plebeians — Plebeians wanted real political representation Plebeians Gained Rights — Gradually, through intermarriage Election of plebeians own officials (tribunes) Tribunes served as representatives of the plebeians and protected the plebeians from arbitrary conduct by the patricians. Could serve as consuls and as senators (the Lician-Sextian laws, 367 BCE, required one of the two consuls be a plebian) The codification of the law (the Law of the Twelve Tables) — plebeians used their leverage in the army to gain these new rights.

10. PUNIC WARS Hannibal/Carthage Scipio Africanus Rome turns East

11. Leaders in Rome New Questions?????? Cato the Elder- long for ‘good ol’ days’ Scipio Aemilianus- embraced new life

12. Marcus Cato: the Traditional Ideal Born as Plebeian High Roman office/consul Practiced clientage Religion

13. Scipio Aemilianus: Greek Culture and Urban Life -“New Roman” -Greek language/culture

14. Did Hellenism and the new social customs corrupt the Romans??

15. A History of Western Society CHAPTER 5-Part 2 The Rise of Rome, ca. 750–31 BCE

16. Problems in Rome Old Constitution unequal to Rome now Roman senate couldn’t meet needs of Rome Lost control of soldiers/armies putting faith in commanders instead of in Rome. Crassus, Pompey, Caesar= The First Triumvirate Secret alliance

17. First Triumvirate fell apart Control of Rome?- Civil War Pompey defeated and fled to Egypt Egypt’s problems

18. Caesar helps Cleopatra Lovers and allies

19. CLEOPATRA Looked like? Traits Political power

23. Videos http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/places/countries- places/egypt/cleopatra/ (4 minutes) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JO565zLOQSc (7:38- part 1 on Caesar) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sVkAEDyMl9U&feature=relmfu (7:50- part 2 on Caesar) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z88_UTf23nc&feature=relmfu (8 min- part 3 on Caesar)