1. Recidivism Rates for DCJ Offenders Exiting Residential Treatment June 2007 Kim Pascual Research & Evaluation

2. Methodology Follow-up to previous report in 2005. Follow-up to previous report in 2005. All DCJ offenders who exited residential A&D treatment in 2003, 2004, and 2005, using the first treatment episode of the year per offender. All DCJ offenders who exited residential A&D treatment in 2003, 2004, and 2005, using the first treatment episode of the year per offender. All SIDS for each sample entered into the DSS- Criminal Justice Data Warehouse to collect pre- and post treatment data. Data collected 1 year prior to treatment and up to 3 years after treatment. All SIDS for each sample entered into the DSS- Criminal Justice Data Warehouse to collect pre- and post treatment data. Data collected 1 year prior to treatment and up to 3 years after treatment.

3. Arrest Data Collection

4. Demographics For all 3 years, each sample was approx. 60% male and 40% female. For all 3 years, each sample was approx. 60% male and 40% female. Race: A 3% decrease from 70% to 67% in White offenders. A less than 2% decrease in African American offenders from 24% to 22%. Race: A 3% decrease from 70% to 67% in White offenders. A less than 2% decrease in African American offenders from 24% to 22%. Average LOS: 96 days in 2003, 107 in 2004, and 101 in 2005. Average LOS: 96 days in 2003, 107 in 2004, and 101 in 2005. Average age: 35 years for all three samples. Average age: 35 years for all three samples.

5. Drug of Choice

6. Drug of Choice by Gender: 2005

7. Drug of Choice: Findings 51% of females vs. 39% of males reported meth as their drug of choice. An 11 percentage point increase from 2004 for females and a 6 percentage point increase for males. 51% of females vs. 39% of males reported meth as their drug of choice. An 11 percentage point increase from 2004 for females and a 6 percentage point increase for males. Of those reporting meth as their drug of choice, 48% successfully completed treatment in 2004 and 2005. Of those reporting meth as their drug of choice, 48% successfully completed treatment in 2004 and 2005. Of those reporting Cocaine/Crack as their drug of choice, 41% successfully completed in 2004 and only 32% successfully completed in 2005. Of those reporting Cocaine/Crack as their drug of choice, 41% successfully completed in 2004 and only 32% successfully completed in 2005.

8. Treatment Completion for All Offenders

9. Differences by Gender at Exit Women had a shorter average LOS by almost 35 days and in addition to having a lower proportion than men in successful completions, women had a 3 percentage point decrease in successful completions from 2004 to 2005. More women than men were reported as unemployed and in unstable housing situations than men in 2005.

10. Arrest Rate Trends: 2001-2005 Total Arrested: 60% Total Arrested: 57% Total Arrested: 61%

11. Arrest Rates 1 Year Pre- & 1 Year Post Treatment

12. Arrest Types Data reflect all felony arrests- including fugitive arrests. Data reflect all felony arrests- including fugitive arrests. Fugitive arrest often indicate an offender has left treatment or absconded from supervision. Fugitive arrest often indicate an offender has left treatment or absconded from supervision. Fugitive arrests are not considered to be an arrest for a new crime. Fugitive arrests are not considered to be an arrest for a new crime.

13. Post Arrest Types for 2005 21 (12%) of the 98 had only one or more fugitive arrests in the year following treatment. The remainder, 77 (46%) had a fugitive arrest as their first arrest after treatment, but also had new other criminal arrests at some point that year.

14. Arrest Reduction Rates by LOS

15. Differences by Race

16. Limitations Arrest data are extracted in the year prior to and the year following the first treatment episode of the year. Arrest data are extracted in the year prior to and the year following the first treatment episode of the year. Data from the DSS Justice Warehouse is constantly being updated and as a result these arrest reflect the data available at the time of analysis. Data from the DSS Justice Warehouse is constantly being updated and as a result these arrest reflect the data available at the time of analysis. Analyses do not take into account offender’s time in the community. Analyses do not take into account offender’s time in the community.

17. Key Findings There has been an increase the proportion of offenders reporting Meth as their drug of choice, particularly among women. There has been an increase the proportion of offenders reporting Meth as their drug of choice, particularly among women. Over sixty percent of White offenders report Meth as their drug of choice. Cocaine/Crack are most often reported as the drug choice for African American offenders. Over sixty percent of White offenders report Meth as their drug of choice. Cocaine/Crack are most often reported as the drug choice for African American offenders. 48% of those reporting Meth as drug of choice successfully completed treatment. 48% of those reporting Meth as drug of choice successfully completed treatment.

18. Key Findings (cont.) Differences in successful treatment completion, employment at exit, and stable housing at exit indicate men are fairing better than women. Differences in successful treatment completion, employment at exit, and stable housing at exit indicate men are fairing better than women. The rate of offenders with an arrest in the year following treatment remains constant at approx. 40%. The rate of offenders with an arrest in the year following treatment remains constant at approx. 40%. Differences in outcomes also exist between White and African American offenders. Differences in outcomes also exist between White and African American offenders.

19. Recommendations Explore the differences in outcomes based on race, gender, and drug of choice to try and determine how to best serve these populations. Explore the differences in outcomes based on race, gender, and drug of choice to try and determine how to best serve these populations. How can the housing and employment needs best be met for different populations? How can the housing and employment needs best be met for different populations? How does drug of choice affect treatment outcome? How does it affect an offender’s ability to engage in treatment? How does drug of choice affect treatment outcome? How does it affect an offender’s ability to engage in treatment?

20. For More Information: Contact: Kim Pascual Research & Evaluation Department of Community Justice 503-988-4564 kim.a.pascual@co.multnomah.or.us