1. Department of Consumer Affairs Bureau of Automotive Repair OBD Readiness Monitors and Vehicles of Interest Paul Hedglin, Engineering and Research Branch I/M Solutions May 2016

2. OBD Monitor Change on 5/4/15 BUREAU OF AUTOMOTIVE REPAIR OBD Inspection System (BAR-OIS) use required March 9, 2015 BAR implemented more stringent OBD readiness monitor criteria on May 4, 2015 Orchestrated change on BAR-97 and BAR-OIS concurrently –Switched Vehicle Lookup Table in four brands of BAR-97 EIS –Changed data in BAR-OIS reference tables OBD MONITORS AND VEHICLES OF INTEREST 2

3. Gasoline Vehicle Standards BUREAU OF AUTOMOTIVE REPAIR Number of incomplete monitors allowed on gasoline powered vehicles: –Old standard: any two for 1996 to 2000 model years – New standard: any one for 1996 to 1999 (BAR-97 tested) –Old standard: any one for 2001 & newer model years – New standard: only the evap. for 2000 & newer (BAR-OIS tested) 3 OBD MONITORS AND VEHICLES OF INTEREST

4. OBD Monitor Fail Rate - Gas BUREAU OF AUTOMOTIVE REPAIR 4 OBD MONITORS AND VEHICLES OF INTEREST

5. Diesel Vehicle Standards BUREAU OF AUTOMOTIVE REPAIR Number of incomplete monitors allowed on diesel powered vehicles*: –Old standards: same as gasoline – New standard: zero for 1998 to 2006 (BAR-OIS tested) – New standard: any two for 2007 and newer (BAR-OIS tested) [* Up to 14,001 GVWR tested] 5 OBD MONITORS AND VEHICLES OF INTEREST

6. BUREAU OF AUTOMOTIVE REPAIR 6 OBD Monitor Fail Rate - Diesel OBD MONITORS AND VEHICLES OF INTEREST

7. Fail Rate Analysis Found Vehicles of Interest BUREAU OF AUTOMOTIVE REPAIR Applied new monitor readiness criteria to data collected before May 4, 2015 Produced table showing some vehicles would fail for incomplete monitors at much higher than average rate Some would have also failed at a higher than average rate upon first inspection at six years old – (not a deterioration issue) 7 OBD MONITORS AND VEHICLES OF INTEREST

8. First Vehicles of Interest BUREAU OF AUTOMOTIVE REPAIR 8 OBD MONITORS AND VEHICLES OF INTEREST

9. Referee Vehicle of Interest (VOI) Study BUREAU OF AUTOMOTIVE REPAIR BAR identified the top three vehicle types that fail the OBD test for incomplete readiness monitors VOI Study Process: 1.BAR asks stations to send these vehicles to Referee if only that issue exists (e.g., only EGR readiness monitor not setting) 2.Referee recruits motorist to participate in study. Referee pays for diagnosis and repair at OEM dealer 3.Dealer invoices identifying repair, or inability to repair provided to ARB 4.ARB discusses issue resolution with OEM 9 OBD MONITORS AND VEHICLES OF INTEREST

10. Referee Vehicle of Interest Study BUREAU OF AUTOMOTIVE REPAIR Outcome depends on issue and vehicle age 1.Found 2000 Maxima / Infinity I30 OBD system not completing catalyst monitor because catalyst was defective. BAR advising industry catalyst replacement may be required. Further study needed to pursue correction with Nissan. 2.Found BMW dealers unable to set oxygen sensor readiness monitor on 2000 BMW 323, dealers unaware of old recall, and inappropriately charging motorists for unnecessary repair 3.Found Ford E350 needing software update so catalyst monitor will run. ARB required Ford issue recall. OIS tuned to ingore this monitor until most motorists get recall. 10 OBD MONITORS AND VEHICLES OF INTEREST

11. OBD Reference Guide for Inspectors BUREAU OF AUTOMOTIVE REPAIR 11 OBD MONITORS AND VEHICLES OF INTEREST

12. OBD Reference Guide Contents BUREAU OF AUTOMOTIVE REPAIR OBD standards, OIS and BAR-97 vehicles of interest, bulletins, recalls –Common vehicle of interest issues: Monitor readiness issue: OIS tuned to ignore monitor(s) Federally certified trucks without OBDII: skip OBD test portion of OIS inspection Vehicle design anomaly: reflash before inspect Vehicle not compliant with SAE OBD specification; e.g., vehicle reports Federal cert. when really a California vehicle http://www.bar.ca.gov/pdf/Smog_Check_OBD_Reference_Guide.pdf 12 OBD MONITORS AND VEHICLES OF INTEREST

13. OBD Ref. Guide – Table 4 OIS Vehicles BUREAU OF AUTOMOTIVE REPAIR 13 OBD MONITORS AND VEHICLES OF INTEREST

14. OBD Ref. Guide – Linked Bulletin BUREAU OF AUTOMOTIVE REPAIR 14 OBD MONITORS AND VEHICLES OF INTEREST

15. Tuning the OIS for Vehicles of Interest BUREAU OF AUTOMOTIVE REPAIR 15 OBD MONITORS AND VEHICLES OF INTEREST

16. Tuning the OIS for Vehicles of Interest BUREAU OF AUTOMOTIVE REPAIR BAR uses a “Batch” tool to modify reference tables –Default test options: ID vehicle by model year, fuel, cert. –VIN stem test options: ID by VIN stem (narrower focus) –Test Options: tests and order (OBD, visual, smoke, etc.) –Protocol Sequence: DAD to vehicle (one, list, list / vendor) –Test Config.: # monitors, ignored monitors / PIDs, ignored responses, EVIN match, MIL + codes –Test Sequence: ID Priority 1 data by Mode and PID, missing data = fail for no communication 16 OBD MONITORS AND VEHICLES OF INTEREST

17. Questions and Comments BUREAU OF AUTOMOTIVE REPAIR Submit additional questions and/or comments to: Paul Hedglin Bureau of Automotive Repair 10949 N. Mather Boulevard Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 Phone: 916-403-0223 Email: paul.hedglin@dca.ca.gov OBD MONITORS AND VEHICLES OF INTEREST