1. Bluetooth Low Energy
RTLAB
YuJin Park

2. Contents
Chapter 1. Introduction
Chapter 2. Background of Bluetooth

3. Introduction

4. Introduction to Wireless Communication
Mobility
Convenience
Almost zero setup time
Reduced cost
Connectivity in remote areas
Enhanced productivity
Newer possibilities
Safety and security
No compromises on speed

5. Data Rates and Coverage
Wide Area Network
Metropolitan Area Network
Local Area Network
Personal Area Network
Body Area Network

6. Why Have Standards? 3rd Generation Partnership program(3GPP)
Bluetooth Special Interest Group(SIG)
European Commission for Standardization(CEN)
European Telecommunications Standard Issue (ETSI)
Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
International Telecommunications Union (ITU)
Wi-Fi Alliance
Near Field Communication (NFC) Forum
ZigBee Alliance

7. Introduction to Bluetooth and Bluetooth Low Energy
Key features of Bluetooth Low Energy
Ultra low power
Small size
Low cost
Short range
Faster connections
Small Chunks of data
Infrequent transfers
Secure
Interoperable

8. Applications Finding and Alerting Device
Proximity and Presence Detection
Health Care
Sports and Fitness Equipment
Mobile Payments

9. Competing Technologies
ANT and ANT+
Ultra low power wireless protocol
Highly resource optimized
Network flexibility and scalability
Easy to use with low system cost
ZigBee
Low cost, low power
Wireless sensor and control networks
Near Field Communication (NFC)
Simple transaction and short range(~10cm)
Access control, healthcare, payments, information collection and exchange

10. Background of Bluetooth

11. Ad Hoc Networks – Why? “Always connected” device, “On the move” User
Faster the setup
Data exchange
Tear down cycle
Decentralized system
Printing documents, photos
Exchanging Business Cards, Photos, Music, Files

12. What is Bluetooth? Key features of Bluetooth Ad hoc
Small Size, Low Cost, Low Power
Short Range
Secure
Interoperable
Global Standard
Ease-of-use
Does not require line of sight
Does not suffer from interference from obstacles like walls
Can co-exist with other wireless technologies
Big set of profiles already available to address real world scenarios

13. Bluetooth Special Interest Group
Public Bluetooth specifications
Administer the qualification program
Evangelize Bluetooth wireless technology
Promoter companies : Ericsson, Intel, Lenovo, Microsoft, Motorola Mobility, Nokia, Toshiba

14. IEEE 802.15 Family of Specifications
WPAN standards
Task Groups (TGs)
TG 1 : Bluetooth
TG2 : Coexistence for WPANs
TG 3 : High Rate WPAN : 11Mbps to 55 Mbps
TG4 : Low Rate WPAN : 20kbps to 250kbps
TG5 : Mesh Networking
TG6 : BAN (Body Area Networks)
TG7 : Visible Light Communication

15. Bluetooth Architecture Overview
Lower Layer or Controller
Upper Layers
Profiles
Bluetooth Application
Profiles
These layers generally execute on the host which could be a mobile phone, tablet, or a laptop
Applications
Host (upper layers)
Protocol stack
These layers generally execute on the Bluetooth chip
Controller (lower layers)

16. Bluetooth Architecture OverviewF T P O P A 2 D P
Protocols
RFCOMM
OBEX
TCS-BIN
IEEE
IrMC
HIC profile G O E P
SPP GA V D P A V R C P S D A P
OBEX
SDP
RFCOMM
AVDTP
AVCTP
L2CAP
Host Controller Interface (HCI)
Profile
Link Management Protocol (LMP)
Adopted Protocol
Baseband controller
Core protocols
Bluetooth Radio

17. Basic Terminology
Host, Host Controller, and Host Controller Interface(HCI)
Device Address(BD_ADDR) and Device Name
Globally unique 48-bit Bluetooth Device Address
Device Name : Identify and remember a device
Class of Device(CoD)
Device discovery parameters
Device type, class
Bluetooth Clock
Protocol Data Unit(PDU)
The host executes the upper layers of the protocol stack, profiles and applications
Host
HCI
The Controller executes the lower layers of the protocol stack including radio, link manager, and baseband
Controller(BT)

18. Data Rates Basic Rate : up to 721.2 kbps
Enhanced Data Rate(2.0) : 2.1 Mbps
Bluetooth HS : 24 Mbps
Bluetooth 4.0 Low Energy : 305 kbps

19. Connection Setup and Topology
Piconet
Smallest unit of Bluetooth communication
1 Master and up to 7 Slave
Scatternet
Extend the number of Bluetooth devices M S1 S1 S1 S1
Piconet M1 M2 S1 S1 S1 S1 S1 S1 S1
Scatternet

20. END.