1. The Anasazi and Fremont Peoples
The Indigenous People of Utah

2. Traveling Peoples Indians of Utah began to left over time
Those who stayed would join with incoming groups.
These new groups are called the Anasazi and the Fremont.
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3. The Anasazi and The Fremont
These were the first people to have permanent settlements and civilization in Utah.
(agriculture and civilization)

4. The earliest group: Anasazi or Ancestral Puebloans
300 BCE to 1300 CE
Lived in the Four Corners regions of Utah, Colorado, New Mexico and Arizona
Famous for: their cities, pottery, and petroglyphs (rock art).
(Anazazi Geography)

5. The Anasazi The Anasazi did many new things.
They grew corn, beans, and squash.
They made reservoirs to catch water to grow food.
They also made clothes from cotton they grew.

6. Rock Art and Astronomy
Both the Anasazi and the Fremont made petroglyphs, art made by carving or painting on rocks.
Some of these pictures can be decoded, others are still mysterious.

7. Anasazi Baskets The earliest Anasazi were skilled basket makers.
They used these baskets to carry things in, to store food, etc.
Later, they began to make pottery.

8. Anasazi Pottery
The Anasazi made beautiful pottery with black and white zigzag designs.
Why are so much of the Anasazi pottery archaeologists find broken?

9. Anasazi Religion
An important part of the Anasazi religion were their kivas
These type of structures are still used by modern pueblo peoples
(kivas)
(Creation story)

10. Anasazi Apartments
The original Anasazi houses were pit houses, like the one in the picture.
Later, as the Anasazi population grew, they began to build elaborate cities with apartments.
Some of these houses were built into cliff sides.
Modern Pueblo tribes still live in houses like their ancestors, the Anasazi.

17. What happened to the Anasazi?
Anasazi were reaching thriving when all of a sudden they disappeared
The amazing cliff houses were abandoned and the people moved away, probably south
No one knows exactly why….

18. Not long after the Anasazi came to Utah, the Fremont people arrived.
The Fremont had some similarities to the Anasazi, while in other ways they were different.
Not as much is known about the Fremont although they once lived across much of Utah.
Fremont culture existed in Utah from (400 to 1300 A.D.).

19. Farmers?? The Fremont people lived from Logan to the Great Basin.
Mostly farmers
Switch off years between farming and hunting/gathering due to weather conditions

20. Food Storage
Some Fremont groups went to extreme heights to protect the food they grew.
In some canyons, the Fremont built granaries (food storage bins) high in canyon walls.

21. Fremont Villages
The Fremont didn’t build large cities like the Anasazi.
Instead they built small villages of pit houses
advantage or disadvantage??

22. Fremont State Park We still have a lot to learn about the Fremont
Fremont State Park was created in 1987 to protect one of the largest Fremont villages yet found.

23. Range Creek: a canyon filled with Fremont sites.

24. Petroglyphs & Pictographs
The Fremont style of rock art is different than that of the Anasazi.
Petroglyph: A picture carved into a rock.
Pictograph: A picture painted onto a rock.

25. The Fremont people made many of the same items that the Anasazi did.
Baskets
Coiled grey pottery
Stone tools
Jewelry
Clay figures

26. The Mystery of the Fremont
Just as with the Anasazi, the Fremont culture disappeared. No one is sure why.
Drought
Climate change
Soil erosion
Invasion by other people
Slow process unlike Anasazi