2. Year Birth rate Death rate Rate of increase (r) 1900 1950 1925 19752000 20252050 0 10 20 30 40 50 Birth or death rate per 1,000 population

3. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.  Population momentum of Mexico 36.9 The human population continues to increase, but the growth rate is slowing

4. 0 1234 554 321 0 1234 554 321 1980 Age Male Female 80+ 75-79 70-74 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 5-9 0-4 Population in millions Total population size = 68,347,479 Population in millions Total population size = 106,202,903 FemaleMale 2005 2030 Female Male Population in millions Total population size = 135,172,155 0 1234 554 321

5. Age 80+ 75-79 70-74 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 5-9 0-4 5 4 3 2 10 1 2 3 4 5 Population in millions Total population size = 68,347,479 1980 Male Female

6. 5 4 3 2 10 1 2 3 4 5 Age 80+ 75-79 70-74 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 5-9 0-4 Population in millions Total population size = 106,202,903 Female Male 2005

7. 5 4 3 2 10 1 2 3 4 5 Age 80+ 75-79 70-74 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 5-9 0-4 2030 Female Male Population in millions Total population size = 135,172,155

8. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 36.10 CONNECTION: Age structures reveal social and economic trends  Age structure diagram –Reveals a population’s growth trends

9. Age 1980 Birth years Male Female 2005 2030 Birth years Male Female Birth years Male Female 80+ before 1900 before 1926 before 1951 1951-551926-301901-1905 75-79 70-74 1906-10 1931-35 1956-60 1961-651936-40 1911-15 65-69 60-64 55-59 1916-201941-451966-70 1971-751946-50 1921-25 50-541926-301951-55 1976-80 1981-851956-60 1931-35 45-49 40-44 1936-40 1961-651986-90 1991-95 1966-70 1941-45 35-39 30-34 1946-501971-75 1996-2000 2001-05 1976-801951-55 25-29 20-24 1956-60 1981-852006-10 2011-15 1986-901961-65 15-19 10-14 1966-701991-952016-20 2021-25 1996-2000 1971-75 5-9 0-4 1976-80 2001-2005 2026-30 1210864202 4 6 8 12 Population in millions Total population size = 363,811,435 Population in millions Total population size = 295,734,134 12 10 86 4 2 0 24 6 8 12 10864202 4 6 8 12 Population in millions Total population size = 227,726,463

10. 1980 Age Birth years Male Female 80+ 75-79 70-74 before 1900 1901-1905 1906-10 65-691911-15 60-64 1916-20 55-59 1921-25 50-54 1926-30 45-49 1931-35 40-44 1936-40 35-39 1941-45 30-34 25-29 20-24 1946-50 1951-55 1956-60 15-19 1961-65 10-14 5-9 0-4 1966-70 1971-75 1976-80 12 10 8 6 42 0 2 4 6 8 12 Population in millions Total population size = 227,726,463

11. Age 80+ 75-79 70-74 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 5-9 0-4 Birth years Male Female 12 10 8 6 42 0 2 4 6 8 12 Population in millions Total population size = 295,734,134 before 1926 1926-30 1931-35 1936-40 1941-45 1946-50 1951-55 1956-60 1961-65 1966-70 1971-75 1976-80 1981-85 1986-90 1991-95 1996-2000 2001-2005 2005

12. Age 80+ 75-79 70-74 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 5-9 0-4 Birth years Male Female 12 10 8 6 42 0 2 4 6 8 12 Population in millions Total population size = 363,811,435 2030 before 1951 1951-55 1956-60 1961-65 1966-70 1971-75 1976-80 1981-85 1986-90 1991-95 1996-2000 2001-05 2006-10 2011-15 2016-20 2021-25 2026-30

13. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 36.11 CONNECTION: An ecological footprint is a measure of resource consumption  U.S. Census Bureau projection –8 billion people within the next 20 years –9.5 billion by mid-21st century

14. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.  Ecological footprint helps understand resource availability and usage  The United States has a –Big ecological footprint –Large ecological deficit 36.11 CONNECTION: An ecological footprint is a measure of resource consumption

18. North America Europe Asia Africa > 5.4 global ha per person 3.6–5.4 global ha per person 1.8–3.6 global ha per person 0.9–1.8 global ha per person < 0.9 global ha per person Insufficient data South America Australia

19. Few large offspring, low mortality until old age Many small offspring, high mortality Percentage of maximum life span Percentage of survivors III II I

20. G = rN (K  N)(K  N) K

21. Time Birth or death rate IIIIVI II

22. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. You should now be able to 1.Explain the factors that determine the characteristics of a population 2.Describe exponential growth and the factors that produce logistic growth of a population 3.Explain the limiting factors that influence population growth 4.Distinguish between r- and K-strategies 5.Describe and give examples of the different types of life histories

23. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 6.Explain the factors the determine human population growth 7.Describe the concept of ecological footprint You should now be able to