1. Fault Location, Isolation and Service Restoration – Optimizing Field Operations for Utilities
Dr. Vidya Vankayala
Director, Grid Modernization
(604)
Richard Guo
Distribution Automation, Grid Modernization
(604)

2. Index Abstract FLISR Introduction FLISR Testing
Comparison
DMS FLISR Application Process
FLISR Testing
De-risking and Optimizing Field Developments
DA/DO Facility Outdoor Living Lab
System Diagram and Communication
Fault Simulation
De-risking FLISR through Integration Testing
DMS Power Model Configuration Examples
Example FLISR Use Cases
Estimation of FLISR Benefits & Comparison
Conclusions
Thank you & QA

3. Smart Utility Test Center
Abstract
Powertech
Smart Utility Test Center
FLISR Testing
Richard Guo, Vidya Vankayala , Eugene Crozier, Chris Qu, Powertech Labs Inc, BC, Canada
Kunle Adeleye, BC Hydro
BC Hydro and Powertech have developed an outdoor integration and interoperability test yard for distributed automation technologies at Powertech Labs referred to as the Smart Utility Test Center (SUTC). The SUTC contains 25kV distribution power equipment, telecommunications, data collection and management systems interconnected with a commercial Distribution Management System (DMS). FLISR (Fault Location, Isolation and Service Restoration) is a Distribution Management System module to support implementation of self-healing smart grid networks. This paper will provide an overview of FLISR and its use in distribution operations as well as the practical aspects of implementing such a scheme in a utility. It also discusses how the DMS FLISR application is deployed and tested in the SUTC environment including the testing environment introduction, the fault simulation/generation methods, the various FLISR use cases, and the test results with the information to utilities to efficiently use existing equipment installed in the field in order to minimize the duration of the outages to improve SAIFI and SAIDI and customer satisfaction.
Index Terms--Power distribution feeders, Power distribution faults, Power system faults, Power system restoration, SCADA systems, WiMAX

4. FLISR Introduction – Comparison
Fault
Occurs
Feeder Back To
Normal
Consumer
Reports
Outage
Field
Crews
On-Scene
Located
Crew Dispatch
and Travel Time
Fault Investigation
&Patrol Time
Time to Perform
Manual Switching
Repair Time
minutes
minutes
minutes
10 – 15 minutes
45-75 minutes
Power restored to customer on healthy sections of feeder
Time Line WITHOUT FLISR
Fault
Occurs
Feeder Back To
Normal
Outage
Detected
Fault Location
Marked for
Crew Dispatch
Fault Isolation
Executed
Via SCADA
Calculation
Fault Restoration Calculation
Repair Time
5 seconds
5 -10 seconds
45-60 seconds
Power restored to customer on healthy sections of feeder
Time Line WITH FLISR Automatic Mode

5. FLISR Introduction – DMS FLISR Application Process
Normal Operations
Tripped by Fault
Fault Location
Element Isolation
Service Restoration
This section can be restored service
Switch is marked by sequence number
Normal Operations
Tripped by Fault
Fault Location
Element Isolation
Service Restoration
Tie Switch Closed
Service Restored in this section
Recloser opened to isolate the fault element
Normal Operations
Tripped by Fault
Fault Location
Element Isolation
Switch is marked by sequence number
Elements need to be isolated
Normal Operations
Tripped by Fault
Fault Location
Element Isolation
Fault Occur
Normal Operations
Recloser tripped to lockout status
Fault Indication is turned on
Down stream section de-energized
Normal Operations
Tripped by Fault
Possible fault location is marked by percentage
Normal Operations
Tripped by Fault
Fault Location
Normally Open
Normal Operations

6. FLISR Testing – De-risking and Optimizing Field Developments
Model development and SCADA integration
Bench testing & simulation
Outdoor 25kV SUTC
Full scale interoperability testing
Full Scale Deployment
Field testing & full deployment

7. FLISR Testing – DA/DO Facility Outdoor Living Lab World Class Facility
Distribution Automation
Live 25kV ‘Pole yard’,
Outdoor, adjustable open-loop topology
multi-vendor recloser and controllers,
multi-vendor telecommunications.
Field Insight
Confidence and knowledge gained through system integration and implementation
End-to-End commissioning
Field Facilities List
25 kV live line
Recloser & Controller from multiple vendors
FCI & FPI Fault Indicator from multiple vendors
Load Banks:
2 x 1MW Resistive
1 x 600 kVAR reactive
Expandable for Future Development
Capacitor Bank
Voltage Regulator
FPI Fault Indicator
Load bank:
1 x 1000 kW
Recloser Controller
FCI Fault Indicator
Load bank :
1 x 1000 kW
1 x 600 kVAR
Standard BCHydro Recloser Controller
Test PulseCloser and controller

8. FLISR Testing
– System Diagram and Communication

9. FLISR Testing – Fault Simulation Fault Simulation for FLISR testing
Programmable load banks are used to produce a step change in the load.
The step change in secondary load draws current on the primary which is measured by particular reclosers’ controllers via their CTs. When the current is higher than the pick up current value of the designated recloser’s protection profile, the recloser will take reclosing actions defined by the protection profile.
To simulate a fault, the designated recloser protection profile is replaced by the fault trigger profile, such that when the current drawn by the load bank is higher than the pick up value of protection profile, the designated recloser will act and subsequently lock-out.

10. Fault Indicator Modelling
De-risking FLISR through Integration
– DMS Power Model Configuration Examples
Line Modelling
Recloser Modelling
Fault Indicator Modelling

11. FLISR Network Reference Schematic
De-risking FLISR through Integration
– DMS Power Model Configuration Examples
Crucial for integration and successful commissioning
Can be aided by importing the distribution network CIM files, GIS or 3rd party output files with distribution network information.
Graphical and database tools are available to create or modify
Drives control room display, one-liners, operational views, switch orders and off-line views.
Forms the basis for control room acceptance of the tool and its readiness.
Model import/export is complex
Advanced applications such as VVO, FLISR, DER integration require focus on adequate modeling and integration with other systems of record.
DMS Geographic View
DMS Substation View
Test Power System Modeled in DMS
FLISR Network Reference Schematic

12. De-risking FLISR through Integration – Example FLISR Use Cases
FLISR in Normal Operation
Fault between RC-100 and RC-101
Fault between RC-101 and RC-102
Fault between RC-102 and RC-103
Fault between RC-200 and RC-201
Fault between RC-201 and RC-202
FLISR in Long Single Source Feeder
Fault between RC-103 and RC-203
Fault with Sectionalizer Configuration 1
Fault with Sectionalizer Configuration 2
Fault with Switch Current Limit
FLISR in Live Line Permit
Fault between RC-102 and RC-203 (double HLT)
Fault between RC-201 and RC-202 (double HLT)

13. Reduction of 440,890 customers outage minutes for this event.
De-risking FLISR through Integration – Estimation of FLISR Benefits & Comparison
With FLISR
Without FLISR
Reduction of 440,890 customers outage minutes for this event.

14. De-risking FLISR through Integration – Conclusions
The various methods for DMS fault location should be closely examined and mapped to the utility’s expectations, operational procedures and field devices.
The communication paths between the DMS/SCADA and field devices are critical to the effectiveness of DA.
Integration of the field devices and SCADA/DMS is a complex task and requires significant power system, technology and automation experience.
Commercial implementations of FLISR require a significant amount of integration to fit into existing utility business processes especially safety procedures.
The DMS power system model configuration is a complex task and requires cross-team coordination between various groups.
FLISR implementations require an advanced understanding of self-healing operations, network modeling, distribution planning and technology implementation. FLISR projects should employ de-risking strategies to address the most complex areas of their requirements before planning production deployments.
Commercial DMS systems use a number of different methods for fault location and other aspects of FLISR. These capabilities should be closely examined and mapped to the utility’s expectations, operational procedures and number and types of available distribution automation devices.
The effectiveness of distribution automation is contingent upon the reliability of communication paths between the DMS/SCADA and field devices
Integration of the field devices and SCADA/DMS is a complex task and requires significant power system, technology and automation experience.
Commercial implementations of FLISR require a significant amount of integration to fit into existing utility business processes and safety procedures.
The DMS power system model configuration is a complex task and requires cross-team coordination between various groups.
Distribution automation requires a disciplined approach to the management and coordination of protection profile configurations/
FLISR implementations require an advanced understanding of self-healing operations, network modeling, distribution planning and technology implementation. FLISR projects should employ de-risking strategies to address the most complex areas of their requirements before planning production deployments.

15. Thank you and questions.
Contact:
Dr. Vidya Vankayala
Director, Grid Modernization
(604)
Richard Guo
Smart Grid Engineer, Grid Modernization
(604)

16. Backup Slides

17. FLISR Operation Flow 1 Normal Operations Normal Operations Fault Occur
Normally Open
Normal Operations

18. FLISR Operation Flow 2
Fault Occur
Normal Operations

19. FLISR Operation Flow 3 Normal Operations Tripped by Fault
Recloser tripped to lockout status
Fault Indication is turned on
Down stream section de-energized
Normal Operations
Tripped by Fault

20. FLISR Operation Flow 4 Normal Operations Tripped by Fault
Possible fault location is marked by percentage
Normal Operations
Tripped by Fault
Fault Location

21. FLISR Operation Flow 5 Normal Operations Tripped by Fault
Switch is marked by sequence number
Elements need to be isolated
Normal Operations
Tripped by Fault
Fault Location
Element Isolation

22. FLISR Operation Flow 6 Normal Operations Tripped by Fault
Recloser opened to isolate the fault element
Normal Operations
Tripped by Fault
Fault Location
Element Isolation

23. FLISR Operation Flow 7 Normal Operations Tripped by Fault
Fault Location
Element Isolation
Service Restoration
This section can be restored service
Switch is marked by sequence number

24. FLISR Operation Flow 8 Normal Operations Tripped by Fault
Fault Location
Element Isolation
Service Restoration
Tie Switch Closed
Service Restored in this section

25. DMS Architecture and SCADA Configuration
DMS Overview
SCADA Configuration