2. Aim: How does our body come under attack?

3. What is wrong? Disease is any condition that prevents the body from working as it should. As a result the body may fail to maintain homeostasis.

4. What can cause a disease? Disease in humans may result from foreign invader organisms called….. PATHOGENS

5. Pathogens Bacteria Viruses Fungi Parasites

6. Bacteria Characteristics Called Prokaryotes One-celled organisms Lack most ORGANELLES, no true nucleus.

7. Examples Strep throat Salmonella – toxins Syphilis What will the doctor give you? Antibiotics The salmonella bacteria give off a toxin that causes you to get sick.

8. Bacteria and antibiotics

9. Virus A VIRUS IS NOT A CELL (IT IS NOT ALIVE) DNA or RNA + Protein Coat Very small, smaller then a CELL. They can only reproduce INSIDE a cell. A virus works by injecting its DNA into a cell, turning the cell into a virus producing factory.

10. Examples HIV Chicken Pox Influenza Can you take antibiotics?

11. Fungus Mushrooms, molds, mildew Yeast Examples: Athlete’s foot Tinea (Ring worm) Jock itch Candida (diaper rash, thrush, yeast infections) What are fungi?

12. Fungus Fungicides Contagious, spread from person to person from close contact, sharing of comb or brush Public showers, pools, locker rooms Antibiotics Weakened immune system Why do people get fungal infections? What can the doctor prescribe?

13. Parasites Some animals and one- celled organisms survive by living and feeding on other organisms. Enter body through mouth or skin, soles of feet. Some divide, others lay eggs or larvae.

14. Parasites Examples: -Tapeworm (eggs, oral-fecal route) -Heartworm, usually not humans http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec17/ch196/ch196a.html

15. How are pathogens transmitted? Blood FoodSex Air Vectors

16. Diagnosing – determine the disease you have Diagnosis is made based on symptoms, thorough history and an examination

17. Prevention vs. Treatment Prevention – ways to avoid getting the disease. Treatment – ways to help people with a disease to get better.

18. Besides pathogens, what else can cause disease? Organ Malfunction Inherited Disorder Risky Personal BehaviorPoor Nutrition Toxic Substances