1. The Protestant Reformation An overview of chapter 14!

2. “ The 14 th and 15 th Centuries added up to one big negative integer when it came to religion in the 16 th Century!” Mrs. Alexander on the Protestant Reformation. Plague issues Babylonian Captivity and Schism Wyclif and Hus Pope’s Temporal power Humanist Criticisms Renaissance Mentality

3. In the 1500s reformers strove for administrative and moral reform within the Catholic Church! They focused on Three areas! Clerical Immorality Clerical Ignorance Clerical Pluralism

4. Oh Yah! The Sale of Indulgences! McKay, Chap 14

5. Thomas Wolsey Chancellor for Henry VIII He was Archbishop of York 15 years before he went into his benefice! But even worse; Antoine du Prat never entered this Cathedral of his benefice until his funerary procession! McKay, Chapter 14

6. Ghost of Cardinal Duprat “Pretty nice! I should of taken collection in person!” Cathedral of Sens

7. “Wealthy, powerful, and proud; the clergy did NOT compare well with Christ’s apostles as simple fisherman!” McKay, Chapter 14

8. Protestant Reformers Martin Luther Ulrich Zwingli John Calvin Anabaptists Anglicanism 95 Theses,Justification by faith, consubstantiation Erasmus follower, bread and wine don’t change Institutes of Christian Rel, Geneva, Predestination Baptize when adults, Menno Simons Henry the VIII, Elizabeth I

9. John Calvin Left France for safety and visited Germany and Swiss Confederation Wrote Institutes of the Christian Religion 1536 Believed in the Elect, Predestination, and God’s Master Plan, “universal priesthood” idea Established Geneva Consistory and strict social reform and church guidance of everyday life. Scripture emphasized, sermons were focus, bread/wine has spiritual change, hard working approach to business. Followers were Huguenots, Puritans, and Presbyterians

10. John Knox and State Church of Scotland Passionate preacher and follower of Calvin 1560 Knox persuaded Scottish Parliament to pass reforms Papal Authority was ended, masses abolished, presbyters used instead of bishops Used Knox’s, Book of Common Order 1564 guide for Church of Scotland

11. Henry VIII and Anglicanism Henry challenges Papal dispensation saying it went against law of God Queen Catherine’s nephew captures Rome He desires a male heir and new marriage with Anne Boleyn Parliament passes Act in Restraint of Appeals 1534 Parliament passes the Supremacy Act 1534 John Fischer and Sir Thomas More beheaded

12. England’s Reformation Anne is beheaded in 1536 Parliament passes the Act of Succession 1536 Thomas Cromwell encourages dissolving of English Monasteries and government reform Pilgrimage of Grace Rebellion crushed Edward VI continues Protestant progress because he is so young and guided by others

13. England’s Reformation Mary a.k.a. “bloody” moves England sharply in a Catholic direction (1553-1558) Elizabeth I brought more stability (1558- 1603) “Elizabethan Settlement” requires Church of England attendance and uniformity in services with just a few Protestant changes. Mass was in English, clergyman were allowed to marry, and the Bishops positions were kept

16. Council of Trent 1545-1563 called by Pope Paul III By Tiziano a.k.a. Titian

17. Tridentine! Reforms! Reforms! Divine revelation comes from scripture and tradition Reaffirmed the 7 sacraments including transubstantiation Indulgences have value but banned entirely 1567 Pius V + venerating saints still okay! Discipline of clergy gets harsher, seminary schools est. bishops live in own diocese. Creation of new religious orders to promote education and establish connection with society.

18. What grade do you give the Counter Reformation and Council of Trent? It never reconciled with the Protestants but was that a possibility? Or were the POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, and SOCIAL motivations to join the protest too enticing? They did address some major problems that we established as causes for protest. How much change would it be possible for the Catholic mainstream population to endure? What do you think is the reason the above had limited success?