1. Immaculate conception BY: HAILEY TETER, CALEB CUMMINGS, BOLO CHAVEZ, NATHAN LIGHT, TREVOR LINN

2.  Pope Pius IX on December officially and infallibly defined the dogma of the immaculate conception on December 8, 1954 with the words,  “The most Holy Virgin Mary was, in the first moment of her conception, by a unique gift of grace and privilege of Almighty God and in view of the merits of Jesus Christ the Redeemer of mankind, preserved free from all stain of original sin.”

3. Explanation of the Dogma 1. Mary was preserved from original sin from the first moment of her existence and free from the effect of orginal sin. Which means she has no corrupt nature. 2. Even though the immaculate conception only deals with Mary’s freedom without original sin, the Church also teaches the doctrine that Mary was never touched by personal sin. 3. This privilege was given to Mary by Christ’s merits. She was redeemed by Jesus like us, except that her redemption was unique: it was a proactive redemption. The fruit of Christ’s redemption was applied to preserve Mary from sin.

4. 3 Protestant Objections 1. They say that it cant be found in scripture and contradicts Romans 3:23. 2. They say that Mary doesn‘t need to redeemed by Jesus. 3. The claim the early church fathers didn‘t teach this doctrine.

5. Romans 3:23  “All have sinned and are deprived of the glory of God.”  The word “all” needs to be classified.  What St.Paul meant by “all” was not all people but all types of people.  It is misused when people interpret as all people collectively which would include Mary.

6. Protoevangelium The enmity between the woman and the serpent is the same enmity that exists between Jesus and the serpent. This enmity is total, the devil ensnared Jesus with sin Therefore Mary his momma would also never be ensnared by sin because she also has complete enmity with the sepent

7. Typology: ark of the covenant  Just as God made the ark without stain or defect, He would also make Mary without stain or defect also know as sin.  This is both physical and spiritual

8. Dons Scotus  He prove that Mary’s preservation from original sin did not remove Mary's need for a redeemer.