1. Chapter 22 The “New Era”

2. I. The New Economy 1) uninterrupted prosperity and economic expansion, but with inequalities and imbalances 2) debilitation of European industry that left the US as the only healthy industrial power in the world for a short time, technological advances, great industrial expansion, like the automobile industry which stimulated growth in other related industries like steel, rubber, glass, and tool companies. Also benefitting was oil companies and road construction and finally suburban housing

3. 3) radio communication, commercial aviation, (although on used as entertainment) telephones, faster trains, home appliances, nylon, aluminum, early computers, genetic research 4) General Motors, through consolidation and efficient organization 5) national organization of various members of an industry attempting not encourage consolidation but coordination and cooperation in production and marketing * both methods of consolidation and cooperation reflected a strong fear of overproduction that led to recessions

4. 6) paternalistic technique used by companies to avoid labor unrest that offered shorter workweeks, raised wages, and paid vacations 7) workers received wage increases below increases in prices—$1,800 was considered necessary to maintain a decent standard of living but the average annual income was $1500—a difference of $300 a year

5. 8) low-paying service occupations for women 9) leader of African American union, The Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, representing a virtually all black workforce 10) Japanese, Issei and Nisei, Filipinos, and Mexican immigrants 11) part of the “American Plan” that was a job that did not require an employee to become a union member

6. 12) substantial surpluses, decline in prices, severe drop in farmers incomes—many left agriculture or lost ownership of their land 13) farmers’ demand that government set prices for farm goods to ensure that farmers would at least earn back their production costs—Mcnary-Haugen Bill –vetoed by Coolidge

7. II. The New Culture 1) appliances like the refrigerator, washing machine, electric iron, vacuum cleaner, wristwatches, cosmetics, cigarettes, and the automobile—they could buy not just what they needed but what they wanted as well-- consumerism 2) advertising industry 3) best-selling novel by Bruce Barton, that describes Jesus as a salesman

8. 4) The Saturday Evening Post, Reader’s Digest, and Time Magazine 5) standards set by Motion Picture Association 6) Pittsburgh– then the first radio network was NBC 7) immediate, personal fulfillment 8) Margaret Sanger and Emma Goldman— explaining that sex can be about pleasure not just procreation

9. 9) modern women who expressed herself through dress, hairstyle, speech, and behavior-that impacted lower and working class women 10) led by Alice Paul—campaigned for Equal Rights Amendment—did not pass 11) high school attendance doubled, colleges increased threefold

10. 12) Gertrude Stein and the “Lost Generation”, Ernest Hemingway, H.L. Mencken, Sinclair Lewis, and F. Scott Fitzgerald 13) New York City nightclub known for jazz, mostly consisting of blacks artists 14) a richness of their own racial heritage

11. III. A Conflict of Cultures 1) built a criminal empire on illegal alcohol 2) radicalism 3) banned immigrants from east Asia 4) irreligion, sexual promiscuity, drunkenness, divorce 5) fundamentalists 6) trial for teacher Scopes, who in Tennessee defied the law the forbid teaching evolution—a defeat for fundamentalists’ political activism

12. 7) like the court case against Sacco and Vanzetti, giving the American public a vantage point and popularizing controversial issues of the time 8) they suffered defeat because of tensions and divisions within their own party

13. IV. Republican Government 1) Scandal over oil reserves that hurt the image of President Harding—he was most guilty of associating himself with corrupt party officials 2) heart attack and died 3) both took passive approach to being president—completely different in personality

14. 4) powerful Secretary of Treasury who cut taxes, trimmed the federal budget, and helped rid almost half of the WWI debt—like Mellon the federal government saw prominent business leaders begin to acquire prominent role within the federal government 5) Hoover’s attempt to assist businesses through national organizations of businessmen in particular interests—saw himself as a champion of business cooperation–

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