1. © UNT in partnership with TEA1 Introduction to Digital Cameras Principles of Information Technology

2. Digital Photos Overview Digital Photos are made up of pixels (picture elements). DPI vs PPI DPI - Dots Per Inch (How a printer prints the image) PPI – Pixels Per Inch (How a monitor displays an image) The resolution of a digital photo is its pixel dimensions. Digital Cameras use megapixels to specify the pixel dimensions of its photos. © UNT in partnership with TEAIT: Principals of IT – Digital Cameras2

3. Megapixels A higher megapixel rating does not always mean higher quality photos. A camera’s megapixel rating will help you determine the largest size of prints you can expect to make without sacrificing the quality of the image. © UNT in partnership with TEAIT: Principals of IT – Digital Cameras3

4. Megapixels Pixel DimensionMax Quality Print Size 2.01600 x 12004” x 6” 3.02100 x 15005” x 7” 4.02400 x 18008” x 10” 5.02500 x 19009” x 12” 6.03000 x 200011” x 14” 8.04000 x 200012” x 16” © UNT in partnership with TEAIT: Principals of IT – Digital Cameras4 The following guide will help you know what size of high-quality print you can expect from each megapixel rating. Multiplying the pixel dimension will give you the exact megapixel rating. The rating stated by the manufacturer is usually rounded.

5. Megapixels © UNT in partnership with TEAIT: Principals of IT – Digital Cameras5 4 megapixel 8 megapixel 2400 x 1800 4000 x 2000 8” x 10” print The 8 megapixel will not produce a better quality 8” x 10” print than the 4 megapixel.

6. LCD A liquid crystal display (LCD) is a thin, flat display device made up of any number of color or monochrome pixels arrayed in front of a light source or reflector. © UNT in partnership with TEAIT: Principals of IT – Digital Cameras6

7. Optical Viewfinder A window on the back of the camera you look through to position the shot. The primary drawback to the optical viewfinder is the parallax, displacement or difference in the apparent position of an object viewed along two different lines of sight. © UNT in partnership with TEAIT: Principals of IT – Digital Cameras7

8. Electronic Viewfinder An electronic viewfinder, or EVF, is a viewfinder in which the image captured by the lens is projected electronically onto a miniature display. The viewfinder shows exactly what the lens sees. © UNT in partnership with TEAIT: Principals of IT – Digital Cameras8

9. OSD An on-screen display (OSD) is information about the camera’s settings displayed on the LCD screen. © UNT in partnership with TEAIT: Principals of IT – Digital Cameras9

10. Types of Digital Cameras Ultra Compact Digital Cameras Compact Digital Cameras Advanced Digital Cameras Digital Single Lens Reflex (DSLR) Cameras © UNT in partnership with TEAIT: Principals of IT – Digital Cameras10

11. Ultra Compact Digital Camera Typically a small and inexpensive camera. Can easily be carried in a pocket or purse. Usually have fewer features than the higher end cameras. © UNT in partnership with TEAIT: Principals of IT – Digital Cameras11

12. Compact Digital Cameras The typical digital camera used for taking most pictures by consumers. Includes most of the features the average person would need. © UNT in partnership with TEAIT: Principals of IT – Digital Cameras12

13. Advanced Digital Camera Designed for the more skilled or hobbyist photographer. Usually has higher quality lens and zoom. © UNT in partnership with TEAIT: Principals of IT – Digital Cameras13

14. DSLR Camera Top of the line camera; primarily used by professionals. Include high quality lenses, and often interchangeable. Often accepts other accessories such as filters. Produce very high resolution photos. © UNT in partnership with TEAIT: Principals of IT – Digital Cameras14

15. Rule of Thirds The rule of thirds is a compositional rule of thumb in photography and other visual arts such as painting and design. The rule states that an image can be divided into nine equal parts by two equally-spaced horizontal lines and two equally-spaced vertical lines. The four points formed by the intersections of these lines can be used to align features in the photograph. Proponents of this technique claim that aligning a photograph with these points creates more tension, energy and interest in the photo than simply centering the feature would. © UNT in partnership with TEAIT: Principals of IT – Digital Cameras15

16. Rule of Thirds © UNT in partnership with TEAIT: Principals of IT – Digital Cameras16

17. Focusing on the Subject Fixed Focus found on lower end cameras and phones The focus is fixed and can’t be adjusted. Auto Focus Most consumer cameras are equipped with auto focus cameras. The auto focus kicks in as you start to press the shutter button. Manual Focus Found on most professional level cameras The photographer focuses the camera on the lens. © UNT in partnership with TEAIT: Principals of IT – Digital Cameras17

18. Zoom Optical Zoom The subject is magnified through the camera's optics, or lens. Produces a higher quality image. Image quality is maintained in optical zoom. Digital Zoom Is an artificial zoom. Digital zoom crops your image and magnifies the result of the cropping. Image quality is lost in digital zoom. © UNT in partnership with TEAIT: Principals of IT – Digital Cameras18 Most digital cameras are capable of some type of zoom. Many will have one or both types of zoom.