1. 大学物理： 力学, 热学 Classical Mechanics Thermodynamics 任课教师：贺言 办公室：物理学院， 306 Email: heyan.ph@gmail.com

2. 教材：大学物理学 作者：卢德馨，出版社：高等教育出版社 平时作业： 10% 期中考试： 30% 期末考试： 60%

3. Introduction to physics and mathematical background 物理绪论，数学背景

4. What is physics Physics studies the fundamental laws which govern the motion and interaction of matters. physics is based on experimental observations and quantitative measurements. Modern physics contains 3 major branches 1. high energy (elementary particle) physics 基本粒子物理 2. Condensed matter physics 凝聚态物理 3. Cosmology and astrophysics 宇宙学和天体物理

5. According to different research methods, we have 1. experimental physics 实验物理 2. theoretical physics 理论物理 3. computational physics 计算物理 Physics studies most fundamental laws of nature. Methods and results of physics have been applied to other natural sciences such as chemistry, biology, geology, even economy. Physics intersect with other natural sciences, such as biophysics, quantum chemistry Physics is most quantitative science. Physics is written in the language of mathematics.

6. History of physics Classical physics （经典物理） 1. Newtonian mechanics (17-19 century) 牛顿力学 2. classical electrodynamics (19 century) 经典电动力学 3. thermodynamics and statistics physics (19 century) 热力学和统计物理 Modern physics （现代物理） (20 century) 1 Special relativity and General relativity 狭义相对论和广义相对论 2 Quantum mechanics and Quantum field theory 量子力学，量子场论 3 Supersymmetry, supergravity and string theory 超对称， 超引力， 弦论

7. Difference between classical and modern physics

8. Structure of matter

9. Four fundamental interaction Gravity 引力 Newton’s theory, Einstein’s relativity Electromagnetism 电磁力 Maxwell’s theory, QED Strong interaction 强相互作用 Quantum Chromodynamics Weak interaction 弱相互作用 Electroweak theory

10. Standard model 标准模型

11. Physical quantities 物理量 Fundamental quantities and derived quantities 3 fundamental quantities in mechanics Length, Time, Mass Derived quantities such as velocity, force, acceleration, density etc.

12. Dimension analysis 量纲分析 The dimension of a physical quantity can be expressed as a product of the basic physical dimensions Dimension is different from units. Dimension analysis can be used to check the correctness of equations. One can also deduce the relation between physical quantities by dimension analysis. Dimensionless quantities are very important.

13. Dimension analysis For circular motion with uniform speed, we know its accelaration depends on the speed and the radius of the circle Let The dimension of this equation is

14. Planck Length: Construct a length scale with gravity constant, Planck constant and speed of light

15. Math background: Calculus ( 微积分 ) The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus Here F is a function whose derivative is f Differentiation, derivative Definite integral

16. The same order of magnitude Higher order infinitesimal Taylor expansion

17. Properties of Vectors （矢量）

18. Finite rotations are not commute, they actually form a non-Abelian group: SO(3) Infinitesimal rotation do commute.

19. Decompose vector into components

20. Dot product （点积） Norm of a vector If the modular of a vector is 1, this vector is unit vector. The dot product of two Euclidean vectors A and B is defined by where θ is the angle between A and B. In particular, if A and B are orthogonal, then the angle between them is 90, so in that case In components The dot product propert Commutative: Distributive over vector addition :

21. Cross product （叉积） The cross product is defined by the formula where θ is the measure of the smaller angle between a and b, ‖ a ‖ and ‖ b ‖ are the norm of vectors a and b, and n is a unit vector perpendicular to the plane containing a and b in the direction given by the right-hand rule as illustrated.

22. Cartesian coordinate system （直角坐标系） Base vectors Vectors can be expanded as Verify

23. Polar vector and axial vector

24. Scalar triple product （混合积） Geometrically, the scalar triple product is the (signed) volume of the parallelepiped defined by the three vectors Det means determinant

25. Other Orthogonal coordinate system Polar coordinate system （极坐标系） Convert to Cartesian coordinate Taking time derivative

26. Application ： Velocity and acceleration in polar coordinate For circular motion, we have

27. Cylindrical coordinates and spherical coordinates