1. By: Jake Scheaffer 2-11-14 Student Showcase

2. Research Project Those Complicated Dam Drainage Systems

3. Purpose and Problem Problem: The problem is that different dam drainage systems have not truly been compared side by side to each other. Purpose: The purpose of this project is to determine which dam drainage system (Standpipe or Syphon) is the best in water flow and water clarity, also to see if red clay dams are capable of holding back water.

4. Audience The audience of this project are contractors in the field of dam construction. Also, it is my goal to provide data to Civil Engineers to assist them in choosing which is the best drainage system for their needs.

5. Hypothesis and Engineering Goals Hypothesis: If a standpipe and syphon drainage system is tested, then the standpipe drainage system will be the best in water flow and water clarity. Engineering Goals: Construct two dam drainage systems Build three red clay dam’s Determine best drainage system in water flow and water clarity

6. Experimental Design Diagram Hypothesis: If a standpipe and syphon drainage system is tested, then the standpipe drainage system will be the most durable. IV: Standpipe Drainage System or Syphon Drainage System 0 Kg of Rock22.6796 Kg of Rock45.3592 Kg of Rock No Drainage System(Control)111 Standpipe Drainage System111 Syphon Drainage System111 Dependent Variable: The Dependent Variable is the water flow (liters/min) and water clarity. Constants: body of water size, PVC pipe, and amount of rock (Kg)

7. Procedures Dig three (3) ponds Build control pond red clay dam Construct standpipe and syphon dam drainage system Build red clay dam around both systems Deposit rock on the back of the dam Test the control pond with 0lb, 50lb, and 100lb of rock Tested by filling the pond with water Test standpipe pond with 0lb, 50lb, and 100lb of rock and 5lb of mulch Tested by filling the pond with water

8. Materials Backhoe Red Clay Shovel 2” diameter PVC pipe Gate Valve Concrete Hand Saw Re-bar Tamp Water Source Rock Mulch 5 Gallon Bucket 2.5 Gallon Bucket

9. Pictures Control Pond Standpipe Pond Syphon Pond

10. Quantitative Data Standpipe and syphon drainage system was the IV Flow rate was the DV The standpipe system had a faster flow, this would be the best system in bad weather The hypothesis was rejected, and null supported ANOVA values were (F=0.4; DF = 2; P <.964). Average flow rate of standpipe 1 st flow: 7.75 liters/min 2 nd flow: 21.33 liters/min Average flow rate of syphon 1 st flow: 5.61 liters/min 2 nd flow: 14.71 liters/min

11. Qualitative Data The rock was the IV The water clarity was the DV The rock made a difference in water clarity Research hypothesis was rejected, and null supported The water clarity was determined through pictures Standpipe drainage system had the best clarity The standpipe drains from the surface of the pond, less sediment is drained out The syphon drains from the middle of the pond, more sediment is drained out

12. Results In this graph the flow rate of the Standpipe and Syphon Drainage System are both shown. The graph shows that the Standpipe System drained more water at a faster rate.

13. Results In this graph of the Standpipe Drainage System the flow rate is shown throughout the course of 6 different trials. There is a 1 st Flow rate and a 2 nd Flow rate, the 2 nd Flow rate was always the fastest, because overtime more and more water will flow through quicker.

14. Results In this graph of the Syphon Drainage System the flow rate is shown throughout the course of 6 different trials. There is a 1 st Flow rate and a 2 nd Flow rate, the 2 nd Flow rate was always the fastest, because more water is syphoned through as more water enters the pond.

15. Conclusion Research hypothesis was rejected and null hypothesis supported Data was ran through ANOVA and was not significant The data was not significant due to the small number of trials The standpipe system had the faster flow All in all, the best setup is a standpipe drainage system, large amounts of rock, and a red clay dam This project was a great learning experience

16. Acknowledgements Mr. Hendrix: for helping me with my paper and testing ideas Mr. Bolen: for helping me with my paper and with my Data Analysis My Dad: for helping me with the idea of the project and implementation of the experiment

17. Bibliography A Low-Flow Self-Cleaning Drainage System for Fish Rearing Tanks. (2011, January 9). Taylor & Francis Online. Retrieved March 11, 2013, from http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1577/1548-8640(1998)060%3C0152%3AALFSCD%3E2.0.CO%3http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1577/1548-8640(1998)060%3C0152%3AALFSCD%3E2.0.CO%3 Bezdek, r. (n.d.). Aquatic Management Bottom Intake Siphon Drain. Aquatic Management. Retrieved January 29, 2013, from http://www.aquaticmanagement.com/siphdrain http://www.aquaticmanagement.com/siphdrain Clean Water for Life. (n.d.). Philly H2O. Retrieved January 19, 2013, from www.phillyh2o.org/backpages/MSB_Water.htmwww.phillyh2o.org/backpages/MSB_Water.htm Dam & Drain Maintenance is YOUR Responsibility. (n.d.). Alabama Cooperative Extension System. Retrieved February 9, 2013, from http://www.aces.edu/counties/Cullman/documents/DamandDrainMaintenance.pdf http://www.aces.edu/counties/Cullman/documents/DamandDrainMaintenance.pdf Dam Safety: Lake Drains. (2011, December 15). Division of Soil and Water Resources. Retrieved February 10, 2013, from www.dnr.state.oh.us/Portals/7/pubs/pdfs/fctsht2 www.dnr.state.oh.us/Portals/7/pubs/pdfs/fctsht2 Ferguson, B., & Gonnsen, R. (n.d.). STREAM REHABILITATION IN A DISTURBED INDUSTRIAL WATERSHED. gatech.edu. Retrieved September 19, 2013, from https://smartech.gatech.edu/bitstream/handle/1853/32928/FergusonB-GonnsenP- 93.pdf?sequence=1https://smartech.gatech.edu/bitstream/handle/1853/32928/FergusonB-GonnsenP- 93.pdf?sequence Fish Pond Construction - Autonopedia. (n.d.). Welcome to Autonopedia. Retrieved March 13, 2013, from http://autonopedia.org/garden_and_farm/Livestock http://autonopedia.org/garden_and_farm/Livestock Management of Georgia Sportfishing Ponds. (n.d.). WSFR - We're Upgrading. Retrieved January 29, 2013, from http://warnell.forestry.uga.edu/service/library/index.php3?docID=41&docHistory%5B%5D=1 http://warnell.forestry.uga.edu/service/library/index.php3?docID=41&docHistory%5B%5D=1 Pond Construction: Some Practical Considerations - Home - Virginia Cooperative Extension. (n.d.). Publications and Educational Resources - Home - Virginia Cooperative Extension. Retrieved February 27, 2013, from http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-011/420- 011.htmlhttp://pubs.ext.vt.edu/420/420-011/420- 011.html Welcome to Pond Dam Piping, Ltd.. (n.d.). Welcome to Pond Dam Piping, Ltd.. Retrieved February 27, 2013, from http://www.ponddampiping.com/index.html http://www.ponddampiping.com/index.html

18. Extracurricular As a Freshmen: Class President MASA member Peer Mentor Swim Team As a Sophomore: Peer Mentor Robotics and Engineering Team

19. Achievements Class rank of 22 out of 640 Honor Roll with Distinction Freshmen Year Built a partially working Forklift in Robotics Constructed two working dam drainage systems Built three red clay dams