1. Color Modified by Georgia Agricultural Education Curriculum Office September 2005

2. Why study color? It is the most important element of a design It is one of the few visual design elements that people notice

3. Properties of Color Hue: property that gives a color a name (ex: red) Value: measurement of the amount of light reflected from an object Intensity: brightness or concentration of a color

4. The Color Wheel Contains three categories of colors Primary Colors: red, yellow, and blue; all other colors can be mixed from the primary colors Secondary Colors: orange, green, violet; mixture of equal amounts of two primary colors Tertiary (Intermediate) colors: made by mixing a primary color with the adjacent secondary color (ex: red-orange). When naming, the primary color is always named first.

5. RedOrange Purple Yellow BlueGreen

6. Changing the Value of a Color Value can be changed by adding black or white to a color Adding black produces a shade Adding white produces a tint

7. Changing the Intensity of a Color Colors can be dulled or neutralized to produce a tone Adding gray to a color will create a tone Mixing a color with its complement will also create a tone Placing complementary colors next to each other will increase intensity

8. Psychological Effects of Color Warm Colors: red, orange, yellow associated with sun, heat, and fire evoke warm and happy feelings warm colors will dominate when in an arrangement Cool Colors: blue, green, violet associated with grass, water, ice create restful, soothing feelings fade into background of a design

9. White Blends easily with other colors Adds brightness and contrast Portrays elegance and sophistication

10. Red Embodies strength and dominance Can often become overpowering if used too much

11. Pink Combines well with other colors Light pink portrays romance and femininity Bright and deep colored pinks draw more attention than pastel tints

12. Orange Radiant color Often used for autumn and Halloween designs Tints or shades of orange (such as peach or rust) blend well with other colors

13. Yellow Vibrant and highly visible color Cheery and sunny Combines well in a design but if used alone can become monotonous

14. Green Serves as a natural background color Green containers don’t attract attention and are very common Natural color for foliage plants in a design

15. Blue Peaceful, quiet, and cool Recedes into the background of a design Large quantities of dark blue can be depressing

16. Purple (Violet) Color of royalty Can be seen as either a warm or cool color depending on the accompanying colors when mixed with reds, the blueness of purple is evident and it becomes cool when mixed with blues, the redness of purple is evident and it becomes warm

17. Balance Dark colors are heavier than light colors Putting darker colors at the base of a design will add balance

18. Depth Using a combination of warm and cool colors will maximize depth This combination causes warm colors to advance forward and cool colors to recede into the background

19. Focal Point Bright colors immediately attract attention Focal points can be created by simply using contrasting colors

20. Rhythm Using similar colors throughout a bouquet or design creates rhythm If the same or corresponding colors are used as a focal point and again throughout an arrangement, eye movement is increased

21. Harmony & Unity Achieved by the repetition of colors throughout a design Using similar colors pulls the design together

22. Monochromatic Uses variations of a single hue To avoid boredom, make sure to include various tints, tones, and shades of the hue

23. Analogous Color scheme incorporating three or more colors that are next to each other on the color wheel Can include the hue as well as tints and tones of the hue

24. Complementary Two hues that are directly opposite of each other on the color wheel Complementary colors intensify each other

25. Split-Complementary Composed of a hue and the two colors adjacent to its complement Ex: yellow paired with blue-violet and red- violet

26. Triadic Use of three colors equidistant on the color wheel Can often be difficult to use in a design Ex: red, blue, and yellow

27. Double-Complement Uses a total of four colors (two pairs of complements) This scheme can offer a variety of visual effects

28. Alternate Complement Use of a triad plus the complement of one of the colors in the triad Ex: yellow, red, blue, and violet

29. Tetrad 4 colors equidistant on the color wheel Ex: yellow, violet, blue-green, and red- orange

30. What influences color selection? Seasons or holidays Special Occasions (ex: weddings) Symbolism Favorite Colors Existing Colors