1. Owen O’Sullivan

2. Introduction Animation sector is huge as it comprises of animation for films like CGI or special effects for films or animated cartoons and films. The animation sector in the UK is in a bit of a crisis and might cease to exist in the UK

3. Content What is Legal and ethical constraints. Legal and ethical constraints in the animation sector. Why the legal and ethical constraints are taken into consideration. Examples of ethical and legal constraints being breached.

4. What is Legal and ethical constraints Legal constraints is set of laws that protect peoples well being and the society they live in. Ethical constraints are moral guidelines basically what you believe is perfectly ok to do and what is not.

5. Representation of religious beliefs Animated shows for adults will show religions but will use it for parody. Animated educational movies or shows to educate people on religion will most likely based around religious stories. Representation of religious beliefs is a law that states that religious beliefs must represented properly and that no is discriminated for their religious beliefs.

6. South park had an episode where they took the Mick out of the religion scientology. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0R_mLFXDdCM

7. There is educational animated movie based on how Moses got the ten commandments from God and how he freed the Egyptian slaves. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aTpKYlFVtyQ

8. Representation of gender In animated films and shows representation of gender is a constant struggle as more people want to see both men and women be properly represented for example a lot of Disney Movies will have a male character be a hero or bad guy depending on their appearance and that some attractive female will a damsel in distress always needing to be saved by prince or some strong male character.

9. Representation of gender In a lot of older Disney animated movies gender the female was usually a damsel in distress and that a male character would come to save her.

10. In more recent animated shows they have had better representation of gender for example the movie Brave the main character is a female that is not a damsel in distress and knows how to protect herself from harm.

11. Linguistic usages In more western animations they would use stereotypical accents for races of characters for example if their was Asian character they would use a stereo typical Asian accent. If their was Mexican character they would sound very lazy and talk slowly. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fS3e-n8Mj7I

12. Accessibility If looping, blinking and scrolling objects in the animation are not done correctly can be distracting and can cause head aches and even cause epileptic seizures. Captions to say what happening in the animation and what sounds are playing. http://accessibility.psu.edu/animations

13. World wide web consortium Websites that allow you to watch animated shows has to use colours that do not disrupt the text on the website. The text on the website must be easily readable. The website has to be able work with large amount of sizes of screens. http://www.w3.org/standards/webdesign/accessibility

14. Codes of practice Codes of practice are rules that must be followed to during the production of your animation to make sure the content in the animation is suitable for the age it is intended for. The content is not offensive unless it is for good reason like parody.

15. Copyright and intellectual property law Copy right is a law that protects original artistic works created by an individual, a collective of people or a company. Intellectual property is the creation that has been created by and individual, a collective of people or a company. Animation will use this law to protect their own franchises being copied and being used for commercial use without your permission. https://www.gov.uk/intellectual-property/copyright

16. Chinese animation studio sues Apple The Chinese animation studio claims that Apple used three of their animated films for an App breaking copyright law. The Beijing peoples court accepted the case for further investigation. http://english.cri.cn/6826/2013/03/27/2821s756267.htm

17. Race relations act 1976 Ensures that there is no discrimination against racial groups. Enforces Racial diversity. Enforces Proper representation of different racial groups and their culture. http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1976/74

18. In 19942 an Warner Brothers made an animated film called coal black and the sebben dwarfs was an attempt to make a show about Black people and the stereotypical life of Black people in 9942. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1DawJ5zQBgM

20. In 2009 Disney tried to address the lack of proper race Relations within animation sector by making and releasing a movie called Princess and the frog as the main character is an African American female.

21. Libel law Libel must be considered when producing animation You must make sure that there is no content that damages any company or celebrity public reputation unless you are doing it for parody. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4eGFqwWuU9c

22. Human rights act 1998 Every one has the right to life and to live in a secure society. Human rights act grants freedom of expression to every individual. The right to liberty to be able to freely express themselves without being weighed down by or supressed by political organisations. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oh3BbLk5UIQ http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/42/contents

23. Broad casting act 1990 Media company's cant have more than 20% of shares of TV services in the UK. gives more opportunities for companies to advertise on TV in the UK. ITC now regulates cable TV, satellite TV services. ITV has to give 25% of ITV productions has to be Produced by Independent produces. ITV can make money from having advertisements on their shows

24. Films act 1985 Films act 1985 was put in place to support the British film industry and to get rid of the old system of taxing the box office to further the British Film industry now the people who make the film are taxed instead when they are filming in Britain or the UK.

25. Obscene publications act 1959 Stops publishing of obscene material that should not be viewed by young children. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DYY9zvT-Rcc

26. Official secrets act 1989 Official secrets act 1989 makes sure no information is released that could endanger people and country.

27. Video recording act 1984 Video recording act 1984 states that all DVDs and Blu- ray's movies that are being sold commercially in the UK first has to be classified by the BBFC before they can be sold in shops with in the UK or online.

28. Privacy law Privacy law protects individuals private life and privacy from being intruded upon by journalists or any one else. Private information on someone else cannot be published unless given permission to do so.

29. Why these legislation need to be taken into consideration. Lower chance of getting sued. Your content is suitable for the right ages and doesn't offend any one unless for parody. Races and cultures are properly presented. There is proper representation of Both male and female in animated shows.

30. To show that you have Proper ethics and morals. Legal legislation need to be taken into consideration so that no one is above the law. To protect people from harmful content.

31. Conclusion My over all conclusion of the legal and ethical legislations in the animation sector is that it protects people of all walks of life from being misrepresented and abused, it enforces laws that should be protecting peoples intellectual property from being stolen and re used commercially and It ensures that proper standards are met with in the animation sector. With out the legal system people would be exploited no ones privacy would be protected and companies would have too much power as their would be no system to stop them. legal system is needed to protect the innocent and the weak from harm.