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Chapter 11 - World War I Section 2 A New Kind of War Section 2 A New Kind of War
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Great War was largest in history up to that point French - 8.5 million soldiers British - 9 million Russians - 12m Germans - 11m Great War was largest in history up to that point French - 8.5 million soldiers British - 9 million Russians - 12m Germans - 11m
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Belgians resisted more than Germans expected Schlieffen Plan failed, French and British forces stopped the German advance First battle of Marne ended Germany’s hopes for a quick victory Belgians resisted more than Germans expected Schlieffen Plan failed, French and British forces stopped the German advance First battle of Marne ended Germany’s hopes for a quick victory
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Both sides began to dig deep trenches The trenches turned the war into a stalemate Millions of soldiers lived in the trenches Trenches filled with water when it rained Both sides began to dig deep trenches The trenches turned the war into a stalemate Millions of soldiers lived in the trenches Trenches filled with water when it rained
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Trenches were filled with rats and lice Area between opposing trenches called “no man’s land” Each side attacked back and forth only taking a few hundred yards at a time In one battle, Verdun, 500,000 allied & 600,000 Germans were killed or wounded Fighting on the Western Front continued that way for 4 years Trenches were filled with rats and lice Area between opposing trenches called “no man’s land” Each side attacked back and forth only taking a few hundred yards at a time In one battle, Verdun, 500,000 allied & 600,000 Germans were killed or wounded Fighting on the Western Front continued that way for 4 years
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“No Man’s Land”
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Technology of Modern Warfare Many new weapons made killing easier Machine guns Many new weapons made killing easier Machine guns
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Technology of Modern Warfare Many new weapons made killing easier Machine guns Long range artillery Many new weapons made killing easier Machine guns Long range artillery
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Technology of Modern Warfare Many new weapons made killing easier Machine guns Long range artillery Poison Gas Many new weapons made killing easier Machine guns Long range artillery Poison Gas
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Technology of Modern Warfare Many new weapons made killing easier Machine guns Long range artillery Poison Gas Tanks Many new weapons made killing easier Machine guns Long range artillery Poison Gas Tanks
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Technology of Modern Warfare Many new weapons made killing easier Machine guns Long range artillery Poison Gas Tanks Submarines (U-boats) Many new weapons made killing easier Machine guns Long range artillery Poison Gas Tanks Submarines (U-boats)
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Technology of Modern Warfare Many new weapons made killing easier Machine guns Long range artillery Poison Gas Tanks Submarines (U-boats) Zeppelins Many new weapons made killing easier Machine guns Long range artillery Poison Gas Tanks Submarines (U-boats) Zeppelins
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Technology of Modern War Airplane
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Who was the most famous flying ace?
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Baron Manfred von Richtofen The “Red Baron” The most successful pilot of WWI 80 kills The “Red Baron” The most successful pilot of WWI 80 kills
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Battles on Other Fronts On Eastern Front battle lines shifted back and forth sometimes over large areas There wasn’t trench warfare, but casualties were even higher than on the Western Front On Eastern Front battle lines shifted back and forth sometimes over large areas There wasn’t trench warfare, but casualties were even higher than on the Western Front
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Battles of Other Fronts Russians had success early on catching the Germans by surprise, but the Germans pushed them back into Russia In 1915, Bulgaria joined the Central Powers & helped defeat Serbia In 1916, Romania joined the Allies, hoping to gain land in Hungary 1915, Italy joined the Allies, hoping to gain land in Austria Italy didn’t do well against a combined force from Germany & Austria, but the British & French bailed them out Russians had success early on catching the Germans by surprise, but the Germans pushed them back into Russia In 1915, Bulgaria joined the Central Powers & helped defeat Serbia In 1916, Romania joined the Allies, hoping to gain land in Hungary 1915, Italy joined the Allies, hoping to gain land in Austria Italy didn’t do well against a combined force from Germany & Austria, but the British & French bailed them out
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War Around the World Japan joins the Allies and uses the war as an excuse to take German lands in Asia & the Pacific Ottoman Turks join the Central Powers in October 1914, they then cut off Allied supply lines to Russia, through the Dardenelles (connects Black & Mediterranean Seas) Japan joins the Allies and uses the war as an excuse to take German lands in Asia & the Pacific Ottoman Turks join the Central Powers in October 1914, they then cut off Allied supply lines to Russia, through the Dardenelles (connects Black & Mediterranean Seas)
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Battle of Gallipoli 1915, Allies send a massive force of British, Australian, and New Zealanders to take the straight The Turks trap them on the coast The 10 month battle cost the Allies more than 200,000 lives, they never took the Dardenelles 1915, Allies send a massive force of British, Australian, and New Zealanders to take the straight The Turks trap them on the coast The 10 month battle cost the Allies more than 200,000 lives, they never took the Dardenelles
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War Around the World The Russians were also fighting the Turks, in the Caucasus mountains The region is home to Armenians (Christians), the Turks (Muslims) used the war as an excuse to deport the entire population of Armenians out of the area During the forced march between 600,000 & 1.5 million Armenians die either of starvation or firing squad Almost no Armenians live in that area anymore The Russians were also fighting the Turks, in the Caucasus mountains The region is home to Armenians (Christians), the Turks (Muslims) used the war as an excuse to deport the entire population of Armenians out of the area During the forced march between 600,000 & 1.5 million Armenians die either of starvation or firing squad Almost no Armenians live in that area anymore
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War Around the World In the Middle East the Ottoman Turks had to fight Arab nationalists They got help from British colonel T.E. Lawrence “Lawrence of Arabia” He led a guerrilla war eventually taking almost all of Arabia, Middle East and Iraq The British also took German colonies in Africa People from every British colony fought in the Great War In the Middle East the Ottoman Turks had to fight Arab nationalists They got help from British colonel T.E. Lawrence “Lawrence of Arabia” He led a guerrilla war eventually taking almost all of Arabia, Middle East and Iraq The British also took German colonies in Africa People from every British colony fought in the Great War
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