1. The Legislative Branch Chapter 12 Unit 4

2. http://www.centeroncongress.org/lear n_about/feature/tv_fact_of_congress.p hphttp://www.centeroncongress.org/lear n_about/feature/tv_fact_of_congress.p hphttp://www.centeroncongress.org/lear n_about/feature/tv_fact_of_congress.p hphttp://www.centeroncongress.org/lear n_about/feature/tv_fact_of_congress.p hp http://congress.indiana.edu/scripts/fac ts_of_congress/house_of_reps.htmlhttp://congress.indiana.edu/scripts/fac ts_of_congress/house_of_reps.htmlhttp://congress.indiana.edu/scripts/fac ts_of_congress/house_of_reps.htmlhttp://congress.indiana.edu/scripts/fac ts_of_congress/house_of_reps.html http://www.centeroncongress.org/mod ules/EAS/stub.htmhttp://www.centeroncongress.org/mod ules/EAS/stub.htmhttp://www.centeroncongress.org/mod ules/EAS/stub.htmhttp://www.centeroncongress.org/mod ules/EAS/stub.htm

3. 3 branches of Government

4. Article I Where did the idea of a legislative branch come from? Most powerful branch according to the founders. Read, annotate and analyze Article I of the Constitution

5. Legislative Branch- The Facts Congress is Bicameral Two Separate Houses Senate and House of Representatives Law-making branch of government Currently in 112 th Congress January 3, 2011- January 3, 2013 Session of Congress Period in which Congress conducts businesses http://www.sunshinestatenews.com/s tory/washington-week-44 http://www.sunshinestatenews.com/s tory/washington-week-44 http://www.thecapitol.net/FAQ/cong_ numbers.html http://www.thecapitol.net/FAQ/cong_ numbers.html

6. The Job Salary of $174,000 with retirement benefits Office space in D.C. and at home with staff Travel allowances (low fares, free flights to foreign nations)- junkets franking privileges Other perks- free flowers, Library of Congress, exercise facilities etc. Requires long hours, a lot of time away from family, and pressure from others to support their policies

8. Demographics http://www.congress.org/congressorg/directory/demographics.tt?catid=al l http://innovation.cq.com/newmember/2010elexnguide.pdf

9. House of Representatives

10. Qualifications- written in constitution 25 Years of Age Must live in State 7 Year US Citizen Unwritten Qualification Must live within district

11. House of Representatives Size Current size of House of Representatives is 435 members Each state is guaranteed at least 1 Representative Only 1 Representative Alaska, Delaware, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Vermont and Wyoming Territories are also given 1 representative Washington D.C., Guam, Virgin Islands, American Samoa, Puerto Rico, Northern Mariana (makes size of Congress 541 with senate)

12. House of Representatives Terms Representatives are elected every 2 years No constitutional limit on the number of terms

13. House of Representatives Elections Every 2 years Single Member Districts Off year elections Party in power usually loses seats http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp- srv/special/politics/2010-race- maps/house/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp- srv/special/politics/2010-race- maps/house/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp- srv/special/politics/2010-race- maps/house/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp- srv/special/politics/2010-race- maps/house/ http://projects.washingtonpost.com/congr ess/112/house/members/http://projects.washingtonpost.com/congr ess/112/house/members/http://projects.washingtonpost.com/congr ess/112/house/members/http://projects.washingtonpost.com/congr ess/112/house/members/

14. Incumbency Advantage http://www.opensecrets.org/bigpicture/reelect.php

15. Incumbency Chart Election / Re-Election Higher Committee Position LegislatingCampaign in seniority PACs/ Interest groups “Hey remember me?” Favorable legislation, pork barrel, dist/state projects PAC and Interest Group contributions

16. House of Representatives Elections Connections to interest groups, corporations, PACs Pork-barrel politics More campaign $ Name Recognition Franking Privileges

17. Redistricting 1.One person one vote/ Equal population -each district must be the same size for the House of Representatives -Can be up to 1% difference according to state laws 2.Voting Rights Act 1982 (VRA) - can split minority/racial background -vote dilution 3.Strategy- Protect incumbents, change district lines to protect incumbents 4.Courts often look at redistricting lines and look for compact and contiguity (just needs to connect) http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp- srv/special/politics/2010-race-maps/house/ http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp- srv/special/politics/2010-race-maps/house/

18. House of Representatives Reapportionment Redistribute seats every 10 years based on population Reappointment Act of 1929 1.Permanent Size = 435 2.Following each census, Census Bureau sets number of seats for each state 3.President sends Bureau’s plan to Congress 4.Congress approves and send to state legislatures to draw new lines if necessary

19. As of the 2000 census: Average population per district: 646,946 people State with the most districts: California (53) District with the greatest area: Alaska At-large District with the smallest area: New York's 15th District with the most people: Montana At-large (905,316) District with the fewest people: Wyoming At-large (495,304) Oldest district: Delaware At-large (Same geographical borders since 1789) http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/ http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-data-text.php

20. 2010 Census What will happen? http://thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/ 09/27/winners-and-losers-in- reapportionment-are-predicted/ http://thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/ 09/27/winners-and-losers-in- reapportionment-are-predicted/

21. Chicagoland

22. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinois%2 7_10th_congressional_districthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinois%2 7_10th_congressional_districthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinois%2 7_10th_congressional_districthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinois%2 7_10th_congressional_district http://www.govtrack.us/congress/findy ourreps.xpd?state=ILhttp://www.govtrack.us/congress/findy ourreps.xpd?state=ILhttp://www.govtrack.us/congress/findy ourreps.xpd?state=ILhttp://www.govtrack.us/congress/findy ourreps.xpd?state=IL

23. House of Representatives Districts Redistricting Contiguous Territory Equal number of inhabitants Compact Territory Techniques can concentrate opposition votes into one district or divide and conquer Has significant impact on membership

24. http://www.house.gove/kirk/district.shtml

25. House of Representatives Gerrymandering District lines redrawn in favor of a political party or racial group Elbridge Gerry MA http://www.slate.com/id/2208216/slidesho w/2208554/fs/0//entry/2208555/ http://www.slate.com/id/2208216/slidesho w/2208554/fs/0//entry/2208555/

26. The Senate

27. Senate Size Constitution Sets number at 2 per state (100 Senators) Represent a larger, more diverse population (constituents) Illinois Senators: http://www.senate.gov/general/contact_i nformation/senators_cfm.cfm?State=IL http://www.senate.gov/general/contact_i nformation/senators_cfm.cfm?State=IL

28. Senate Election: 17th Amendment- voters decide senator, prior to this senators were chosen by state legislators Only one Senator is elected per election Term: 6 year term No term limit Terms are staggered Continuous Body All seats are never given up for election at the same time Only 1/3 expire (33 or 34)

29. Senate Leadership http://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/ref erence/e_one_section_no_teasers/org _chart.htmhttp://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/ref erence/e_one_section_no_teasers/org _chart.htmhttp://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/ref erence/e_one_section_no_teasers/org _chart.htmhttp://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/ref erence/e_one_section_no_teasers/org _chart.htm

30. Senate Qualifications: Higher requirements then House At least 30 years of age Must have been citizen of US for 9 years Must be inhabitant of the State from which they are elected

31. Does Congress affect your life?? http://congress.indiana.edu/interactive -learning-moduleshttp://congress.indiana.edu/interactive -learning-moduleshttp://congress.indiana.edu/interactive -learning-moduleshttp://congress.indiana.edu/interactive -learning-modules

33. District 10 Election Dan Seals Robert Dold http://www.opensecrets.org/races/su mmary.php?cycle=2010&id=IL10 http://www.opensecrets.org/races/su mmary.php?cycle=2010&id=IL10 http://elections.chicagotribune.co m/race/10th-congressional- district/