1. Paleolithic Age (2.5 million-10,000 B.C.)
& Neolithic Age (10,000-4,000 B.C.)

2. Hominid Development: From Early to Modern Humans
Cro-Magnon
150,000- years ago to present
100,000-30,000 years ago
1.5 million years ago
2.5 million years ago
Hominid Development: From Early to Modern Humans
4 million years ago

4. I. Prehistory: Before Written Records
A. Understanding Prehistory
1. Archaeology - artifacts
2. Anthropology - culture
Archaeological Dig
Anthropologist At Work

5. Paleolithic Cave Painting- Lascaux, France
3. Dating Artifacts
radiocarbon dating- uses the half life of carbon to date artifacts
Thermo-luminescence- uses light and heat to determine the age of artifacts
More accurate than radiocarbon dating
c. DNA – uses the DNA of an animal or plant
Paleolithic Cave Painting- Lascaux, France
Prehistoric Stone Age Tools

6. “Lucy”
Lucy, a hominid, is said to be the oldest, most complete and best preserved skeleton of an erect-walking human ancestor ever found. Discovered by Dr. Donald Johanson in November, 1974, in the Afar Desert in Ethiopia, Lucy is believed to be approximately 3.5 million years old.

7. B. Paleolithic Age: Early Humans (2,500,000 – 10,000)
Skull of Australopithecines
B. Paleolithic Age: Early Humans (2,500,000 – 10,000)
Hominids/Early Humans (4-1 million years ago)
lived in S. and E. Africa
walked upright & made simple stone tools
2. Homo Erectus (1.5 million – 30,000 B.C.)
a. made larger & more varied tools
b. became skillful hunters
c. left Africa for Europe & Asia
Paleolithic Hand Axe
Skull of Homo Erectus
Tool Kit from Homo Erectus
Homo Erectus Masters Fire

8. Tool Kit from Homo Erectus

9. The Spread of Homo Sapiens

10. 3. Neanderthals (200,000 – 30,000 B.C.)
a. used variety of stone tools
b. buried their dead

12. Followed the migration patterns of the herds.
4. Cro-Magnon/Homo Sapiens (40,000-8,000 B.C.)
a. identical to modern humans
b. planned hunts, used more language, & created artwork
c. HUNTERS & GATHERERS: jobs of men are to hunt & protect; females raise children and gather fruit and vegetables.
d. Nomadic – roaming existence
As the food in an area was consumed, man moved on, looking for another food supply
Followed the migration patterns of the herds.

13. C. Neolithic Age: Agricultural Revolution (10,000 B.C.)
systematic agriculture
cultivated plants
domesticated animals

14. 2. effects of Neolithic/Agricultural Revolution
a. created steady food source
b. improved control over
environment
Catal Huyuk – Neolithic Farming Village
c. increased population & size of settlements
d. helped create COMPLEX human societies/CIVILIZATION

15. Development of Agriculture, 5,000 – 3,000 B.C.
Early River Valley Civilizations
5,000 B.C.
5,000 B.C.
5,000 B.C.
3,000 B.C.
3,000 B.C.

16. D. Civilizations: Dawn of History
1. six characteristics of civilizations
a. large cities
b. government
c. religion
d. social structure
e. writing
f. artistic activity

17. Which of the six characteristics do you think is most important in creating “civilization”? Why?