1. Quarterly Review

2. 1. Johann Gutenberg Inventor of the printing press

3. 2. Predestination The idea that God decided who would be saved before they were born

4. 3. Da Vinci Mona Lisa Sketched flying machines The Last Supper

5. 4. Newton Showed that gravity keeps planets in orbit

6. 5. Machiavelli Wrote a guide for rulers on to gain and keep power The Prince

7. 6. Flanders Starting palce of the Northern Renaissance

8. 7. Copernicus Proposed a heliocentric model of the universe

9. 8. Florence The city that produced many Renaissance artists and scholars with the support of the Medici family Birthplace of the Renaissance

10. 9. Sect A religious group that has broken away from an established church

11. 10. Theocracy A government run by religious leaders

12. 11. Renaissance artists Reflected humanism in their paintins by painting well known people of the day.

13. 12. Anabaptists Believed that infants were too young to be baptized because they were too young to accept the Christian faith

14. 13. Humanist scholars Focused on worldly subjects

15. 14. Council of Trent Goal to reform the Catholic church

16. 15. René Descartes Believed that human reasoning was the best road to understanfinding

17. 16. Robert Boyle Transformed the filed of chemistry

18. 17. Renaissance Rebirth or revival of learnign

19. 18. Petrarch Renaissance humanist who collected and studied ancient manuscripts

20. 19. Baldassare Castiglione Ideal man- wel rounded, athelic, musically talented Ideal woman- pretty

21. 20. Sir Thomas More Utopia Described an ideal society

22. 21. Henry VIII Had no heir to the throne of England Wanted to divorce and remarry The pope would not grant a divorce or an annulment Henry VIII broke away from the Catholic Church and formed the Church of England

23. 22. First Estate clergy

24. 23. Second Estate Nobility

25. 24. Third Estate Commoners

26. 25. Bourgeoisie Middle calss merchants Wealthiest of the third estate

27. 26. Louis XVI Refused to tax the first and second estates

28. 27. National Assembly Crwated as a result of the Estates-General

29. 28. Declaration of Rights of Man Modeled after the Declaration of Independence

30. 29. Republic Government eventually created by the radical revolutionaries

31. 30. Tennis Court Oath Goal- to write a constitution for France

32. 31. Women’s March on Versailles Resulted in the king returning to Paris

33. 32. Constituion of 1791 Created a limited monarchy

34. 33. Voting rights Granted to all male citizens in the fall of 1792

35. 34. Robespeirre Believed in the use of terro to achieve his goals Wanted to create a “Republic of Virtue”

36. 35. Committee of Public Safety Ran trials and executions during the Reign of Terror