1. Chapter 4 Cities and countryside in the Netherlands

2. Par 5 Conurbations At the end of the 19 th century the Netherlands became industrialized. In the cities there was an emergence (opkomst) of factories. This is also called mechanization. People went to the cities to work in the factories. (= urbanization) They needed a place to live, so new neighbourhoods were built around the old cities close to the factories. 18-01-13

4. Cities spread After 1960 people started to leave the cities and moved to the small towns and villages surrounding the cities (=suburbanization) Young families wanted single family houses with a garden and a save place for children to play.

5. Compact city and re-urbanisation Because of shrinking populations in the cities, the Dutch government decided to built new neighbourhoods on the old industrial sites and near the main cities. This is called compact city policy. This policy resulted in renewed population growth in the cities, what is called re-urbanisation.

6. Agglomeration Because of the suburbanization some villages have grown so much that they have melted into the city. This is called an agglomeration. Village

7. Urban Regions All the towns and villages surrounding the main city are depending on that city for work and amenities (voorzieningen).

8. Conurbations Urban regions grew into conurbations, where 2 urban regions (or more) integrate. e.g. de Randstad

9. Population growth Population growth in the Netherlands between 1850 and 2000

10. Population charts(population pyramids) A bar chart that shows the age structure of a population. 2 sets of horizontal bars, each bar represents an age group. The bars on the left are for men, the bars on the right are for women. The statistics are in absolute or in relative numbers (% or ‰)

11. Types of population charts the shape of a chart gives you the idea of the age structure. A population can be increasing, stable or decreasing the Netherlands 1900 the Netherlands 1950 the Netherlands 2000 Pyramiddecreasing pyramid first stage of a stabi- lizing population

12. The future of the Dutch population In the future the Dutch population will be more or less stable/ or show a small decrease. the Netherlands in 2050 Granade: Stable population