1. Small Scale Winemaking How to make wine in the classroom

2. Requirements Fruit/Juice Fruit/Juice Yeast Yeast Hardware Hardware Testing Equipment Testing Equipment

3. Fruit/Juice Strongly recommend grapes/grape product Strongly recommend grapes/grape product Give reasons Give reasons Discuss a few other options Discuss a few other options Display table of typical sugar content, pH of other fruit Display table of typical sugar content, pH of other fruit Discuss using crushed fruit vs clarified juice Discuss using crushed fruit vs clarified juice Implications of fermentation and flavour Implications of fermentation and flavour

4. Yeast Wild yeast vs commercial yeast Wild yeast vs commercial yeast Where to buy yeast Where to buy yeast Care of dried yeast Care of dried yeast How to prepare and grow culture How to prepare and grow culture

5. Equipment Fermentation vessels – suggest suitable Fermentation vessels – suggest suitable Hydrometers – use of Hydrometers – use of Fermentation bubblers? Fermentation bubblers? Show photo of typical setup Show photo of typical setup

6. Starting Fermentation Give procedure Give procedure Discuss addition of sugar, acid etc Discuss addition of sugar, acid etc Discuss temperature control Discuss temperature control Ferment monitoring – hydrometer Ferment monitoring – hydrometer Picture of hydrometer use Picture of hydrometer use

7. How long does it take? How to monitor sugar content How to monitor sugar content Test residual sugar Test residual sugar Observing ferment Observing ferment ‘Stuck’ ferment – indicators ‘Stuck’ ferment – indicators When to call it quits even when sugar remains…. When to call it quits even when sugar remains….

8. What next? Cooling and racking Cooling and racking Full containers Full containers Addition of sulphite Addition of sulphite

9. Clarification and finishing Fining with bentonite Fining with bentonite Filtration options Filtration options Bottling logisitcs Bottling logisitcs