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Figurative Language
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What is it? O a word or phrase that departs from everyday literal language for the sake of comparison, emphasis, clarity, or freshness
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ALLITERATION O The use of the same consonant sound in words occurring near one another O EXAMPLES: Dan Duncan’s darling Dachshunds, Duke and Daisy, dove in the deep dam.
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ASSONANCE O The use of the same vowel sound in words occurring near one another O EXAMPLES: Alice’s Aunt Angie ate apples and artichokes all August.
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CLICHÉ O An expression that has lost its power or originality from overuse O EXAMPLES: Absence makes the heart grow fonder Look on the bright side Wake up on the wrong side of the bed
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EUPHEMISM O A polite word or phrase used in place of one that may be too direct, unpleasant, or embarrassing O EXAMPLES: downsize (fire) vertically challenged (short) visually challenged (poor eyesight) departed, passed away, six feet under, no longer with us, kicked the bucket, croaked, checked out, etc, (dead)
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HYPERBOLE O An obvious exaggeration that should not be taken literally O EXAMPLES: He is a hundred feet tall. I waited in line for a year. I’ve told you a million times.
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IDIOM O An expression with a meaning different from the literal meaning of the individual words O EXAMPLES: A frog in my throat Driving me up the wall Raining cats and dogs
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ONOMATOPOEIA O The use of a word that sounds like its meaning O EXAMPLES: Zap Fizz Swoosh Thud Quack Bam Wham Whack
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OXYMORON O A combination of two opposite or contradictory terms O EXAMPLES: pretty ugly Hell's Angels bad health jumbo shrimp home school Civil War
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PUN O A humorous play on words, often involving a double meaning O EXAMPLE: I went to a seafood disco last week… and pulled a mussel. Being struck by lightning is a shocking experience!
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SIMILE O An expression comparing one thing to another using the words “like” or “as” O EXAMPLES: As strong as an ox As flat as a pancake Life is like a box of chocolates.
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METAPHOR O An expression that compares two different things without using the words “like” or “as” O EXAMPLES: The sun was a furnace. Marci’s voice is velvet. David is a worm.
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Actual analogies & metaphors found in students’ essays O Her face was a perfect oval, like… a circle that had its two other sides gently compressed by a thigh master. O She had a deep throaty genuine laugh, like… that sound a dog makes just before he throws up.
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O She grew on him like… E. coli and he was room temperature Canadian beef. O Her vocabulary was as bad as… like, um…whatever. O The little boat drifted across the pond exactly the way a… bowling ball wouldn’t.
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O The revelation that his marriage of 30 years had disintegrated because of his wife’s infidelity came as a rude shock like… a surcharge at a formerly surcharge free ATM. O He was as tall as… a six foot three inch tree. O McBride fell 12 stories, hitting the pavement like… a hefty bag filled with vegetable soup.
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O Her hair glistened in the rain like… nose hair after a sneeze. O The hailstones leaped up off the pavement, just like… maggots when you fry them in hot grease. O She walked into my office like… a centipede with 98 missing legs.
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O From the attic came an earthly howl. The whole scene had an eerie surreal quality, like… when you’re on vacation in another city and you realize that Jeopardy comes on at 7:00pm instead of 7:30pm. O He fell for her like… his heart was a mob informant and she was the East River.
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O Long separated by cruel fate, the star crossed lovers raced across the field toward each other like… two freight trains, one having left Cleveland at 6:36pm traveling at 55mph, the other from Topeka at 4:19pm at a speed of 35mph. O John and Mary had never met. They were like… two hummingbirds that had also never met.
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O Even in his last years, grandpappy had a mind like a steel trap, only one that had been left out for so long, it had rusted shut. O The plan was simple, like… my brother-in-law Phil. But unlike Phil, this plan might just work. O The ballerina rose gracefully en pointe and extended one slender leg behind her, like… a dog at a fire hydrant.
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O It was an American tradition, like… fathers chasing kids with power tools. O He was deeply in love. When she spoke, he thought he heard bells, as if she were a… garbage truck backing up. O It hurt like… the way your tongue hurts after you accidentally staple it to the wall.
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The Assignment ~ O Write three original sentences using figurative language. O Remember, you must use a simile or metaphor to provide a better, clearer explanation of something. O Be creative and have fun! DUE @ the end of the hour!!!
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