1. PART I: FROM HUNTING AND GATHERING TO CIVILIZATIONS APWH/HUMANITIES LEVEL 5

2. Key Ideas to Start a way of life built up by a group and passed on from generation to generation. a condition of human society marked by advanced developments in the arts and sciences and by corresponding social, political, and cultural developments CULTURE IS… CIVILIZATION IS…

3. Key Ideas(con’t)  Core and foundational civilizations developed in a variety of geographical and environmental settings where agriculture flourished.  The core and foundational civilizations: Mesopotamia in the Tigris and Euphrates River Valleys Egypt in the Nile River Valley Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa in the Indus River Valley Shang in the Yellow River (or Huang He) Valley Olmecs in Mesoamerica Chavin in Andean South America

4. So where did it all begin?  The Fertile Crescent  Mesopotamia Mesopotamia

5. Commonalities among the core civilizations  Agricultural surpluses  Specialization of labor  Cities

6. Complex institutions (political bureaucracies, armies, religious hierarchies) Social hierarchies Organized trading relationships Commonalities Continued

7. Checkpoint  True or False?  All of the core and foundational civilizations were clustered in the “Middle East”. False: India (Mohenjo-Daro); China (Shang); Central America (Olmecs); South America (Chavin)  True or False?  Surplus crops were the driving force behind the development of complex societies & early civilizations. True: Specialization of labor; trade; record keeping

8. Read the statement below. SSocieties can maintain order in the absence of laws. DDo you agree with this idea? Why or Why not? TTake 1 minute to consider this statement and jot down points that support your position.  T Timer SShare your thoughts

9. To the map….  Empires Empires

10. Summary and Next Steps  In one or two sentences, summarize the information from the lesson.  And next… A closer look at The Code of Hammurabi What can be learned about a civilization’s culture through the examination of its established systems of order?