1. CHAPTER 12 THE AMERICAS TO 1492

2. Origins of Americas and Their Cultures Since the late fifteenth century, the cultural diversity of the Western Hemisphere has been shaped by an influx of peoples from Europe, Asia, and Africa.

3. Emerging Civilizations in Mesoamerica The Formative Period The Classical Period

4. American Civilizations The Mayans The Postclassical Era The Toltecs The Aztecs The Inca

5. The Amerindians of North America The Iroquois of the Northeast Woodlands The Adena and Hopewell of the Ohio Valley The Mississippian Culture The Mogollon, the Hohokam, and the Anasazi of the Southwest The Navajo, the Apache, and the Mandan The Far North: Inuit and Aleut

6. YOU SHOULD UNDERSTAND The origins of Amerindian societies. The major political and social characteristics of the Olmecs, Mayas, Aztecs, and Incas.

7. YOU SHOULD UNDERSTAND The diversity of the Amerindians of North America. The cultural achievements of Amerindian civilizations.