1. Visual Argument Honors/Advanced Placement English Language and Composition Summer Assignment

2. Objectives Define Visual Argument Recognize Visual Argument in Context Understand the Components and Purpose of Visual Argument Analyze and Evaluate Visual Arguments

3. What Is Visual Argument? Rhetoric using strategic omission, addition, or manipulation of images Communication via images Creates or skews meaning Takes, defends, or qualifies a position Relies on connotation

4. Where are Visual Arguments? Advertising Illustrations that go with publications Publication covers Public service Art

5. What Are Types of Visual Argument? All arguments use Appeal: Ethical, or ethos Logical, or logos Emotional, or pathos

6. Methods of Composition Accent: one object is highlighted Anacoluthon: the impossible Hyperbole Metaphor Metonymy/Synecdoche Visual pun

7. What Makes a Visual Argument? Presence of an Appeal Thought-provoking Arguable idea is apparent Conclusion has been drawn Can use verbal language with image Your reaction!

8. Why Make a Visual Argument? Lack of language makes it universal Absorbed faster than reading Images are often more startling than words Images invoke and imprint memories * Do not mistake the lack of language for lack of intellect! Some Visual Argument is more sophisticated than written!

9. Analyzing Visual Argument What kind of info is presented? What is the author/creator’s intention? What attracts your attention most? What assumptions does it make? What is significant about its composition: light/dark, color, size of objects, details, de/emphasis?

10. Analyzing, cont’d Are the connotations positive or negative? What emotions are present? What values/ideas are addressed? Are they reinforced or questioned? Does any language included defend, challenge, or qualify the image(s)?

11. Analyzing, cont’d Are there contradictions? Do any images and/or text obscure, make ambiguous, or contradict each other? What literary devices are visually and/or verbally employed?

12. Evaluating Visual Argument Consider the following: Author/creator purpose Intended and actual effect Type of appeal Effectiveness of argument

13. Resources Everything’s an Argument, chapter 15 Stanford.edu Everyday Use: Rhetoric at Work in Reading and Writing