1. Section 1 Diverse Societies of North America

2. Kwakiutl, Nootka, Haida Rich in resources -> large population Sea = most important resource Hunted whales in canoes Forest = source of food Differences in wealth -> social classes Potlach: elaborate ceremony that display a family’s rank & prosperity

3. Hohokam, Anasazi, Hopi, Zuni, Pueblo peoples Farming- corn, beans, squash Pottery = contact w/Mesoamerica Cliff dwellings Pueblos: villages of large, apartment-style compounds made of stone & sunbaked clay No horses, mules, or the wheel -> human labor Kivas: underground ceremonial chambers Traded w/Plains Indians

4. Wooded lands e. of Mississippi River Adena, Hopewell, Mississippian Large burial mounds Villages based on farming & trade Priest-rulers regulated farming activities (possible Mesoamerican influence) Crossroads b/w Mississippi & Ohio Rivers -> contact w/other cultures

5. Mohawk, Oneida, Onondoga, Cayuga, Seneca Similar environment to Mound Builders’ Variety of cultures w/distinct languages Land = source of conflict -> tribal alliances Iroquois: group of tribes speaking related languages in e. Great Lakes region that formed a political alliance

6. Trade centers & traveling merchants found throughout North America Goods traveled far Exotic items traveled farthest

7. Most natives believed in nature spirits Spirits gave rituals & customs to guide people Great respect for the land Harmony w/nature Harmony in relationships w/people

8. Family = basis Family units & clans Totems: natural objects that an individual, family, or clan identifies itself with Some societies small & contained in own region Some societies larger & connected through trade & culture

9. Tables A-D will create a double bubble map comparing & contrasting the Northwest & Southwest Native Americans. Tables E-H will create a double bubble map comparing & contrasting the Mound Builders & the Eastern Woodlands Native Americans. You must have at least 4 similarities & 4 differences.