1. Week 4 Day 1

2. Week 1 Chapter 22 Electrical System
Answer questions 1 and 3 – 9

3. Week 2 Chapter 26 Aviation Bands and Freqs Answer questions 4 – 7
Week 2 Chapter 26 Aviation Bands and Freqs Answer questions 4 – 7. Chapter 25 Wiring the Airplane No questions for now Chapter 3 VHF Comm Answer questions 1 – 8

4. Week 3
Chapter 4 HF Com Answer all the questions. Chapter 5: Satcom Answer questions 1 – 8. Chapter 6 ACARS Answer questions 1-5 and 7.

5. Week 4
Chapter 7 SelCal Answer all the questions. Chapter 8 ELT Answer all the questions. Chapter 9 VOR Answer 1-2, 4-6, 9, 11

6. Basic “T” quiz

7. Beech 1900 panel #1

8. Week 3
Week 4

9. Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System
ACARS
Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System

10. ACARS System Satellite or VHF Com Digital Messages A form of Datalink
Textbook page 42

13. PM Pulse Modulation Carrier Wave Modulation Signal
Modulation of Carrier Wave
Transmission

14. Pulse Modulation
Digital

15. Hand tools

16. Lean and 5S
Sort Systemize (Set in order) Shine (Sweep) Standardize Sustain
Picture from and licenced under Creative Commons. Downloaded 05/30/14.
Reference: downloaded 05/30/14.
The 5 S's
There are five primary 5S phases: They are translated from the Japanese as Sort, Systematize, Sweep, Standardize and Self-Discipline
1. Seiri <Sort>
Remove unnecessary items and dispose them properly
Make work easy by eliminating obstacles
Provide no chance of being disturbed with unnecessary items
Prevent accumulation of unnecessary items
2. Seiton <Systematize>
Arrange necessary items in good order so that they can be easily picked for use
Prevent loss and waste of time
Easy to find and pick up necessary items
Ensure first-come-first-serve basis
Make work flow smooth and easy
Can also be translated as "set in order".
3. Seiso <Shine>
Clean your work place completely
Easy to check abnormality
Prevent machinery and equipment deterioration
Keep workplace safe and easy to work
Can also be translated as "sweep".
4. Seiketsu <Standardize>
Maintain high standards of housekeeping and workplace organization at all times
Maintain cleanliness and orderliness
5. Shitsuke <Self-Discipline>
Do things spontaneously without being told or ordered
Standardize good practice
Additional S
Three other phases are sometimes included: safety, security, and satisfaction. This is however not a traditional set of "phases". Safety for example is inherent in the 5S methodology and is not a step in itself. Therefore the additions of the phases are simply to clarify the benefits of 5S and not a different or more inclusive methodology.
Safety
A sixth phase, "Safety", is sometimes added. There is debate over whether including this sixth "S" promotes safety by stating this value explicitly, or if a comprehensive safety program is undermined when it is relegated to a single item in an efficiency-focused business methodology.
Security
A seventh phase, "Security", can also be added. To leverage security as an investment rather than an expense, the seventh "S" identifies and addresses risks to key business categories including fixed assets (PP&E), material, human capital, brand equity, intellectual property, information technology, assets-in-transit and the extended supply chain. Techniques adapted from those detailed in Total Security Management (TSM) or the business practice of developing and implementing comprehensive risk management and security practices for a firm’s entire value chain.

17. Quiz to follow.

18. Abbreviation FAA FCC DC AC APU Hz CPS AWG
Federal Aviation Administration
Federal Communications Commission
Direct Current
Alternating Current
Auxiliary Power Unit
Hertz
Cycles Per Second
American Wire Gauge

19. Abbreviation Quiz ASI VSI HF VHF “E” or”V” “R” or “Ω” TX RX AM FM SSB
Air Speed Indicator
Vertical Speed Indicator
High Frequency
Very High Frequency
Voltage
Resistance
Transmit / Transmitter
Receive / Receiver
Amplitude Modulation
Frequency Modulation
Single Sideband

21. Selcal Selective Calling
Chapter 7
Selcal
Selective Calling

22. SELCAL System
The SELCAL system operates through the aircraft com radios.
Each aircraft has a code that SELects that particular aircraft to be CALled. Some codes are assigned to more than one aircraft.
To deal with the problem of code shortage, every attempt is made to assign the same code to aircraft on opposite sides of the world.
On HF, different HF channels are assigned to aircraft using the same code.
SELCAL will eventually be provided through Satcom.

23. SELCAL Ground Network
SELCAL messages are sent through an ARINC control station.
ARINC relays the message to the airline company, usually through phone lines.
SELCAL overwater uses HF instead of VHF.

24. SELCAL Control Panel Light Light Reset Button
When being called, a chime will sound and a light will light, letting the crew know they are being paged.
The crew will then turn up the volume on their com radio (either HF or VHF) so they can respond to the call.
Pressing the RESET button arms the system for the next call.

25. SELCAL Decoder This is a SELCAL “black box” .
Textbook page 46
This is a SELCAL “black box” .
A 4-letter code is assigned each aircraft which is entered on the face of the SELCAL decoder, by thumbwheels.
Some aircraft have 2 decoders: One for HF and one for VHF, for up to 4 radios (2 for each band).

27. SELCAL Block Diagram
Textbook page 48

28. How a SELCAL Code is Generated
Textbook page 47
Code consists of 4 tones from the 16 audio frequencies shown on the left.
They are sent in 2 pairs: “A” & “B” are mixed together (312.6 & HZ) and transmitted for 1 second.
Then, after a .2 second interval, “C” & “D” (384.6 & HZ), is transmitted for 1 second.

29. How a SELCAL Code is Generated
Textbook page 47

31.
SelCal Dual tones

32. ELT Emergency Locator Transmitter
Chapter 8

33. ELT
Textbook page 55

34. New, Improved ELT
ELT is monitored by satellites, and signals are sent to ground stations.
The satellites measure the “Doppler shift” in the signal to locate the beacon (accurate to within 1-3 miles).
GPS is being introduced, and it’s even more accurate than the “Doppler shift” method (accurate to within 300 feet).
2 countries’ satellites monitor ELT: SARSAT, operated by NOAA (US) and COSPAS by Russia.
Textbook page 51

35. Doppler Shift

36. Cospas-Sarsat System
There are 2 types of satellites in the Cospas-Sarsat System: LEO & GEO.
LEO (Low Earth Orbit), moves quickly across the sky and circle over the poles however will not pick up distress calls if they aren’t in the line-of-sight.
GEO (Geostationary Earth Orbit) are “stationary” above the earth at the equator.

37. Cospas-Sarsat Diagram
Textbook page 55

38. 406 ELT Registration
In order to prevent false alarms, each 406 MHZ ELT must be registered.
The data collected is: Aircraft Type, Ownership, Telephone Number, Home Base, etc.
This data allows for confirmation of the distress call.

39. ELT for Fleet Operators
Fleet Operators (such as airlines) need to be able to move the ELT components between aircraft.
Therefore, they would need a way to reprogram the tail number code.
The “dongle” solves this problem.
The “dongle” is a hardware key that automatically reprograms the code, it remains with the aircraft and the ELT is removed if needed elsewhere.

40. 406 MHZ ELT Block Diagram Textbook page 53
The Programming Module (lower left) sets up the 406 ELT for it’s 24 bit code (the aircraft’s tail number).
The horn at the top center sounds to warn the crew of a false activation.
The remote switch controls the ELT from the flight deck.
At the bottom center, a ARINC 429 connections bring a signal from the airplane’s navigation system into the ELT for accurate location of a downed airplane.
At the upper right, the single antenna transmits a signal on the 3 ELT frequencies (121.5, 243 & 406 MHZ).
Textbook page 53

41. VOR VHF Omnidirectional Range [Very High Frequency]
Navigation Nav
Chapter 9
VOR
VHF Omnidirectional Range
[Very High Frequency]

42. VOR
A VOR is a radio beacon that transmits a signal that represents the 360º of the compass.

45. Above is a VORTAC station. VORTAC stands for VOR + TACAN.
VOR Ground Station
Above is a VORTAC station.
VORTAC stands for VOR + TACAN.
TACAN Stands for Tactical Air Navigation.
It includes Distance Measuring Equipment.

46. VOR Service Coverage VOR broadcasts from 108.000-117.950 MHZ.
There are 3 types of VOR stations
Terminal
Low Altitude
High Altitude

48. AFD Airport / Facility Directory

50. VOR Phases
The VOR signal is comprised of a Reference Phase and a Variable Phase.
The Reference Phase is broadcast in all directions.
The Variable Phase is a rotating beam.
The difference of phase between the Reference Phase and the Variable Phase is used by the VOR receiver in the airplane to calculate the bearing from the station.
Textbook page 59

51. VOR Signal Structure Maximum to minimum. FM AM Textbook page 60
The VOR receiver compares the 2 phases to determine the bearing to the station.
In this example, the reference phase is 0° (or 360°).
The airplane is south of the station and the VOR receiver receives a phase signal of 180°.
The reference signal always goes through its 0° phase at the instant the variable signal rotates through magnetic north.
The VOR transmits 2 additional signals: One is audio in Morse Code for station identification on 1020 HZ.
The other is voice, that announces the station ID.

52. VOR 2 Signals
The signal is at max strength when the rotating beam is pointed directly at the airplane shown by the blue arrow.
The receiver compares the 2 signals by measuring the phase of each signal.
Textbook page 61

54. VOR Navigation
Textbook page 63

56. The VOR course is selected by turning the OBS (Omni Bearing Selector) knob to the desired course.
The Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) displays steering commands.

58. Radio Magnetic Indicator (RMI)
The RMI displays both VOR and ADF (automatic direction finder) information.
The compass card is slaved to the compass system.
Textbook page 64

60. Quiz

61. Schematics

62. Block Diagrams
A block diagram is used as an aid for troubleshooting complex electrical and electronic systems. A block diagram consists of individual blocks that represent several components, such as a printed circuit board or some other type of replaceable module.

63. Pictorial Diagrams
In a pictorial diagram, pictures of components are used instead of the conventional electrical symbols found in schematic diagrams. A pictorial diagram helps the maintenance technician visualize the operation of a system.

64. Schematic Diagrams
A schematic diagram is used to illustrate a principle of operation, and therefore does not show parts as they actually appear or function.

65. Network Topology

66. Data Bus

69. Through Hole

71. SMT Surface Mount Technology

72. End of Week 4 Day 1