2. Present Tense Conjugating a Verb

3. Translate each sentence. Puellae aquam portant. Aquam portant.

4. Translate each sentence. Puellae aquam portant. Girls carry water. Aquam portant.

5. Translate each sentence. Puellae aquam portant. Girls carry water. Aquam portant. They carry water.

6. The verb ending “nt” is the equivalent of our English pronoun “they.” The verb ending “nt” is the equivalent of our English pronoun “they.” portant = they carry portant = they carry amant = they love amant = they love Now, translate these: Now, translate these: spectant spectant parant parant laborant laborant

7. The verb ending “nt” is the equivalent of our English pronoun “they.” The verb ending “nt” is the equivalent of our English pronoun “they.” portant = they carry portant = they carry amant = they love amant = they love Now, translate these: Now, translate these: spectant = they watch spectant = they watch parant parant laborant laborant

8. The verb ending “nt” is the equivalent of our English pronoun “they.” The verb ending “nt” is the equivalent of our English pronoun “they.” portant = they carry portant = they carry amant = they love amant = they love Now, translate these: Now, translate these: spectant = they watch spectant = they watch parant = they prepare parant = they prepare laborant = laborant =

9. The verb ending “nt” is the equivalent of our English pronoun “they.” The verb ending “nt” is the equivalent of our English pronoun “they.” portant = they carry portant = they carry amant = they love amant = they love Now, translate these: Now, translate these: spectant = they watch spectant = they watch parant = they prepare parant = they prepare laborant = they work laborant = they work

10. These endings can be added to verbs: o = I o = I s = you s = you t = he, she, it t = he, she, it mus = we mus = we tis = you tis = you nt = they nt = they

11. These endings can be added to verbs: o = I o = I porto = porto = s = you s = you portas = portas = t = he, she, it t = he, she, it portat = portat = mus = we mus = we portamus = portamus = tis = you tis = you portatis = portatis = nt = they nt = they portant = portant =

12. These endings can be added to verbs: o = I o = I porto = I carry porto = I carry s = you s = you portas = you carry portas = you carry t = he, she, it t = he, she, it portat = he/she/it carries portat = he/she/it carries mus = we mus = we portamus = portamus = tis = you tis = you portatis = portatis = nt = they nt = they portant = portant =

13. These endings can be added to verbs: o = I o = I porto = I carry porto = I carry s = you s = you portas = you carry portas = you carry t = he, she, it t = he, she, it portat = he/she/it carries portat = he/she/it carries mus = we mus = we portamus = we carry portamus = we carry tis = you tis = you portatis = you carry portatis = you carry nt = they nt = they portant = they carry portant = they carry

14. Conjugating a Verb Adding verb endings to a verb’s stem, or root Adding verb endings to a verb’s stem, or root stem = 2 nd principal part – “re” stem = 2 nd principal part – “re” Form the stem of each verb: Form the stem of each verb: spect ā re, labor ā re, par ā re, am ā re, voc ā re, laud ā re

15. Conjugating a Verb Adding verb endings to a verb’s stem, or root Adding verb endings to a verb’s stem, or root stem = 2 nd principal part – “re” stem = 2 nd principal part – “re” Form the stem of each verb: Form the stem of each verb: specta, labora, para, ama, voca, lauda

16. Let’s conjugate a verb you’ve never seen. voco, voc ā re, vocavi, vocatus = call What’s the stem? What’s the stem?

17. Let’s conjugate a verb you’ve never seen. voco, voc ā re, vocavi, vocatus = call What’s the stem? What’s the stem?VOCA Now, add verb endings. Now, add verb endings. Remember: Remember: There should be an “a” before all endings except “o” to show that this verb is first conjugation.

18. voco = voco = vocas vocas vocat vocat vocamus vocamus vocatis vocatis vocant vocant

19. voco = voco = vocas vocas vocat vocat vocamus vocamus vocatis vocatis vocant vocant Note the “a” before endings.

20. Note PERSON and NUMBER. Singular voco = 1 st voco = 1 st vocas = 2 nd vocas = 2 nd vocat = 3 rd vocat = 3 rdPlural vocamus = 1 st vocamus = 1 st vocatis = 2 nd vocatis = 2 nd vocant = 3 rd vocant = 3 rd

21. Note PERSON and NUMBER. Singular voco = 1 st voco = 1 st I call vocas = 2 nd vocas = 2 nd vocat = 3 rd vocat = 3 rdPlural vocamus = 1 st vocamus = 1 st vocatis = 2 nd vocatis = 2 nd vocant = 3 rd vocant = 3 rd

22. Note PERSON and NUMBER. Singular voco = 1 st voco = 1 st I call vocas = 2 nd vocas = 2 nd you call vocat = 3 rd vocat = 3 rdPlural vocamus = 1 st vocamus = 1 st vocatis = 2 nd vocatis = 2 nd vocant = 3 rd vocant = 3 rd

23. Note PERSON and NUMBER. Singular voco = 1 st voco = 1 st I call vocas = 2 nd vocas = 2 nd you call vocat = 3 rd vocat = 3 rd he/she/it calls Plural vocamus = 1 st vocamus = 1 st vocatis = 2 nd vocatis = 2 nd vocant = 3 rd vocant = 3 rd

24. Note PERSON and NUMBER. Singular voco = 1 st voco = 1 st I call vocas = 2 nd vocas = 2 nd you call vocat = 3 rd vocat = 3 rd he/she/it calls Plural vocamus = 1 st vocamus = 1 st we call vocatis = 2 nd vocatis = 2 nd vocant = 3 rd vocant = 3 rd

25. Note PERSON and NUMBER. Singular voco = 1 st voco = 1 st I call vocas = 2 nd vocas = 2 nd you call vocat = 3 rd vocat = 3 rd he/she/it calls Plural vocamus = 1 st vocamus = 1 st we call vocatis = 2 nd vocatis = 2 nd you call vocant = 3 rd vocant = 3 rd

26. Note PERSON and NUMBER. Singular voco = 1 st voco = 1 st I call vocas = 2 nd vocas = 2 nd you call vocat = 3 rd vocat = 3 rd he/she/it calls Plural vocamus = 1 st vocamus = 1 st we call vocatis = 2 nd vocatis = 2 nd you call vocant = 3 rd vocant = 3 rd they call

27. Form the following: 2 nd person singular of specto 3 rd person singular of specto 1 st person plural of specto 3 rd person plural of specto

28. Form the following: 2 nd person singular of specto SPECTAS 3 rd person singular of specto 1 st person plural of specto 3 rd person plural of specto

29. Form the following: 2 nd person singular of specto SPECTAS 3 rd person singular of specto SPECTAT 1 st person plural of specto 3 rd person plural of specto

30. Form the following: 2 nd person singular of specto SPECTAS 3 rd person singular of specto SPECTAT 1 st person plural of specto SPECTAMUS SPECTAMUS 3 rd person plural of specto

31. Form the following: 2 nd person singular of specto SPECTAS 3 rd person singular of specto SPECTAT 1 st person plural of specto SPECTAMUS SPECTAMUS 3 rd person plural of specto SPECTANT SPECTANT

32. Other Translations: Aquamne portas? (use progressive form –ing) Aquamne portas? (use progressive form –ing) Aquam non portas. (use emphatic form “do”) Aquam non portas. (use emphatic form “do”)

33. Other Translations: Aquamne portas? (use progressive form –ing) Aquamne portas? (use progressive form –ing) Are you carrying water? Are you carrying water? Aquam non portas. (use emphatic form “do”) Aquam non portas. (use emphatic form “do”) You do not carry water. You do not carry water.

34. Review What are the six verb endings? What are the six verb endings? What pronouns correspond to those verb endings? What pronouns correspond to those verb endings? How is the present stem of a verb formed? How is the present stem of a verb formed? What is meant by 1 st singular? What is meant by 1 st singular?