1. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Election of 1960Election of 1960

2. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR CANDIDATESCANDIDATES RICHARD NIXONRICHARD NIXON REPUBLICANREPUBLICAN

3. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR DEMOCRATDEMOCRAT JOHN F. KENNEDYJOHN F. KENNEDY

4. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR SIMILARITIESSIMILARITIES VETERANS IN WORLD WAR IIVETERANS IN WORLD WAR II Both rising in partyBoth rising in party

5. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Both were SenatorsBoth were Senators Kennedy MassachusettsKennedy Massachusetts Nixon CaliforniaNixon California

6. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Nixon however was Vice-PresidentNixon however was Vice-President

7. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Kennedy came from a wealthy familyKennedy came from a wealthy family Joseph (father) made his fortune in stock marketJoseph (father) made his fortune in stock market

8. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR And bootlegging whiskey during prohibitionAnd bootlegging whiskey during prohibition

9. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Joe Kennedy was oldest son he was the chosen son to run for President.Joe Kennedy was oldest son he was the chosen son to run for President.

10. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Killed during World War IIKilled during World War II

11. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Campaign:Campaign: Kennedy was CatholicKennedy was Catholic Became an issueBecame an issue

12. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Concern Kennedy would be guided by the PopeConcern Kennedy would be guided by the Pope

13. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Kennedy calmed fearsKennedy calmed fears By openly discussing the issueBy openly discussing the issue

14. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Kennedy was 43 years oldKennedy was 43 years old Too inexperiencedToo inexperienced

15. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Campaign:Campaign: Kennedy was CatholicKennedy was Catholic Became an issueBecame an issue

16. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Concern Kennedy would be guided by the PopeConcern Kennedy would be guided by the Pope

17. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Kennedy calmed fearsKennedy calmed fears By openly discussing the issueBy openly discussing the issue

18. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Kennedy was 43 years oldKennedy was 43 years old Too inexperiencedToo inexperienced

19. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Televised DebatesTelevised Debates 1 st time1 st time Kennedy was well coached by television producersKennedy was well coached by television producers

20. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Nixon looked haggardNixon looked haggard Just got out of hospital was still sickJust got out of hospital was still sick

21. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Kennedy's youthful appearance served him wellKennedy's youthful appearance served him well

22. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR People watching debate on television felt Kennedy wonPeople watching debate on television felt Kennedy won

23. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR People listening to debate on the radio felt Nixon wonPeople listening to debate on the radio felt Nixon won

25. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Election resultsElection results Kennedy won by 120,000 votesKennedy won by 120,000 votes Illinois was keyIllinois was key

26. KENNEDY AND THE COLD WAR Kennedy was the first Catholic PresidentKennedy was the first Catholic President Youngest president ever electedYoungest president ever elected 43 years old43 years old

27. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR MASSIVE REALITATION EISENHOWER’S POLICY TOWARDS SOVIETSMASSIVE REALITATION EISENHOWER’S POLICY TOWARDS SOVIETS

28. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Kennedy thought small disagreements or conflicts were not worth going to war overKennedy thought small disagreements or conflicts were not worth going to war over

29. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Nation had become dependent on Nuclear weaponsNation had become dependent on Nuclear weapons

30. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Kennedy proposed a new strategy More troops to fight He did expand nuclear weapons

31. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Created elite branch of the service Green Berets

32. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Allow United States to fight limited wars Flexible Response

33. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Castro has taken over Cuba Communist regime 90 miles from United States

34. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR

35. Cuban émigré’s in the United States invaded Cuba

36. Émigré's were going to incite a revolution and overthrow Castro

37. Castro's forces repelled attack

38. Kennedy refused air support doomed invasion

39. All invaders were captured or killed

40. Major embarrassment for Kennedy

41. Kennedy took full responsibility for failure

42. Russia and Khrushchev thought Kennedy weak and indecisive

43. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Berlin divided city Thousands leaving East Berlin to West

45. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Khrushchev and Russia ordered wall to be built

46. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Although there was a confrontation at Checkpoint Charlie between U.S and Soviet tanks

47. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Even though Kennedy responded with reservist activation

48. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR And Russia backed down at Checkpoint Charlie It was perceived by the Russians Kennedy did nothing about the wall

49. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Khrushchev believed Kennedy to be inexperiencedKhrushchev believed Kennedy to be inexperienced

50. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Appeared again to Russia and Khrushchev Kennedy was weak and not willing to respond to events

51. CUBAN MISSLE CRISIS October 14-October 28 1962

52. CUBAN MISSLE CRISIS Kennedy, Khrushchev, Castro

56. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Missiles discovered by U-2 Surveillance planes

57. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR 90 miles from United States90 miles from United States Missiles now 5 minutes away from united StatesMissiles now 5 minutes away from united States

58. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Kennedy and ex-com proposed responsesKennedy and ex-com proposed responses 4 options4 options

59. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR OPTION 1OPTION 1 Surgical air strikesSurgical air strikes

60. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR OPTION 2OPTION 2 Tactical air strikesTactical air strikes

61. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR OPTION 2OPTION 2 Followed by invasion of CubaFollowed by invasion of Cuba

62. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR OPTION 3OPTION 3 Blockade of CubaBlockade of Cuba

63. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR OPTION 4OPTION 4 NegotiationsNegotiations

64. X-COMM Robert F KennedyRobert F Kennedy –Attorney General

65. X-COMM –R–R–R–R Robert McNamara Secretary of Defense

66. Dean Rusk Secretary of State

67. McGEORGE BUNDY National Security Advisor

68. Adlai Stevenson Ambassador to the United Nations Director of CIA

69. States Air Force Curtis LeMay Chief of Staff United

70. Dean Acheson Advisor to Ex-Com Republican Advisor to President Eisenhower

71. Advisor and Speech writer for JFK Ted Sorenson

72. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Blockade was chosen as solution Kennedy addressed Nation

73. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Brinkmanship Ships stopped “looks like someone blinked”

74. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR U S received a telegram from Russia stating the Russian would withdraw weapons

75. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR If United States agreed not to invade Cuba

76. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Next day the U S received another message this one stronger called for removing missiles from Turkey

77. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Kennedy ignored second message agreed to first

78. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Crisis eased but not before the two Super Powers were so close to World War III

79. FIGHTING THE COLD WAR Kennedy did agree secretly to remove obsolete missiles from Turkey six months laterKennedy did agree secretly to remove obsolete missiles from Turkey six months later

80. VIETNAM November 22,1963 Kennedy is assassinated in Dallas Texas http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=8598236943704944166

81. VIETNAM

82. VIETNAM Lyndon B Johnson is now President